2,899 research outputs found
Thermodynamic Properties of the SU(2) Chiral Quark-Loop Soliton
We consider a chiral one-loop hedgehog soliton of the bosonized SU(2)
Nambu & Jona-Lasinio model which is embedded in a hot medium of constituent
quarks. Energy and radius of the soliton are determined in self-consistent
mean-field approximation. Quasi-classical corrections to the soliton energy are
derived by means of the pushing and cranking approaches. The corresponding
inertial parameters are evaluated. It is shown that the inertial mass is
equivalent to the total internal energy of the soliton. Corrected nucleon and
isobar masses are calculated in dependence on temperature and density
of the medium. As a result of the self-consistently determined internal
structure of the soliton the scaling between constituent quark mass, soliton
mass and radius is noticeably disturbed.Comment: 34 pages, 7 Postscript figures, uses psfig.st
Checklist for the Structural Description of the Deep Phenotype in Disorders of Sexual Development
This paper addresses the question, how the variations of the deep phenotype in disorders of sex development (DSD) are appropriately described. This is a relevant question, because extensive phenotypic variability occurs in gonads and sex ducts. With the advance of video endoscopy and laparoscopy, fresh insight in gonadal and sex duct anatomy is emerging. So far, an attempt to standardize the diagnostic approach and, in particular, how to document these findings has not been published. We propose a standardized examination schedule for these procedures. It consists of 5 pictures of relevant anatomic features. For laparoscopy, it includes two pictures each of gonads and sex ducts on either side and an image of the retrovesical space. For endoscopy, the examination of the ureteric orifices, the posterior urethra, and the urogenital sinus derivates is recommended. Adherence of a standardized schedule and image storing enhances patient autonomy, because they can carry their examination for a second opinion without need for repeated examination. Physicians and scientists create a structured image library that facilitates the comparison of clinical outcomes, research on genotype phenotype associations and may lead to better classifications
Magnetic hysteresis effects in superconducting coplanar microwave resonators
We performed transmission spectroscopy experiments on coplanar half
wavelength niobium resonators at a temperature T=4.2 K. We observe not only a
strong dependence of the quality factor Q and the resonance frequency f_res on
an externally applied magnetic field but also on the magnetic history of our
resonators, i.e. on the spatial distribution of trapped Abrikosov vortices in
the device. We find these results to be valid for a broad range of frequencies
and angles between the resonator plane and the magnetic field direction as well
as for resonators with and without antidots near the edges of the center
conductor and the ground planes. In a detailed analysis we show, that
characteristic features of the experimental data can only be reproduced in
calculations, if a highly inhomogeneous rf-current density and a flux density
gradient with maxima at the edges of the superconductor is assumed. We
furthermore demonstrate, that the hysteretic behaviour of the resonator
properties can be used to considerably reduce the vortex induced losses and to
fine-tune the resonance frequency by the proper way of cycling to a desired
magnetic field
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