Principle Guided Investing: The Use of Negative Screens and its Implications for Green Investors

In recent years Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) has received considerable attention from both private investors as well as pension funds. Despite this proliferation in interest, several topics are still unresolved, namely selection methods, performance and effects regarding sustainability. This paper examines how green investors can induce firms to invest in cleaner production technology by using exclusionary investment screens. SRI is more likely to be successful when abatement costs are low and if principle guided investors are numerous and have homogenous investment principles. The transformation process becomes more probable when shares of clean firms are viewed as a separate asset class by all investors. Green investors have to accept lower returns from shares of clean firms, even in the case of positive externalities

Through the world a pilgrim roaming : duetto /

Mode of access: Internet.MUSIC EDIS: Copy 2 has list of pleasing and meritorious music on page 4 of cover.MUSIC EDIS: Copy 1 has list of foreign and American music on page 4 of cover.From the Thomas A. Edison Collection of American Sheet Music

Co-evolution of coarse grain structuring and bed roughness in response to episodic sediment supply in an experimental aggrading channel

This is the accepted version of the following article: [Hassan, M. A., Saletti, M., Zhang, C., Ferrer‐Boix, C., Johnson, J. P. L., Müller, T., and von Flotow, C. ( 2020) Co‐evolution of coarse grain structuring and bed roughness in response to episodic sediment supply in an experimental aggrading channel. Earth Surf. Process. Landforms, 45: 948– 961. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.4788], which has been published in final form at https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/esp.4788We use flume experiments to better understand how gravel-bed channels maintain bed surface stability in response to pulses of sediment supply. Bed elevations and surface imagery at high spatial resolutions were used to quantify the co-evolution of surface grain-size distribution (GSD), bed roughness statistics, and bed surface structures (clusters, cells and transverse features). Using a new semi-automated method, we identified individual stone structures over a 2 m × 1 m area throughout the experiments. After an initial coarsening, surface GSD and armouring ratio remained nearly stable as sediment pulses caused net bed aggradation. In contrast, individual grain structures continued to form, increase or decrease in size, and disappear throughout the experiments. The response of the bed to sediment pulses depended on the history of surface roughness evolution and bed surface structure development, as these factors changed much more in response to supply perturbations earlier in the experiments compared to later, even as the bed continued to aggrade. We interpret that the dynamic production and destruction of bed surface structures can act as a ‘buffer’ to sediment supply pulses, maintaining a stable bed surface during aggradation with minimal change in grain size or armouring.Peer Reviewe