Innovative therapeutic approach to chemical burns produced by vesicants; an experimental study

Vesicants are compounds that cause severe toxic effects on various tissues. Such chemical action causes tissue necrosis, with clinical expression of skin lesions with a burning character and characteristic blisters. Clinical toxic effects of cutaneous vesicles are correlated with the absorbed dose and exposure time. The goals of the study are to evaluate in vitro the skin toxicity produced by the vesicant chemical compound 2-chloroethyl-ethyl sulfide (CEES), to develop a complex antidote formula, and to optimize the therapeutic efficacy by inclusion in controlled release systems. The experimental protocol aims at the in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxicity of the vesicant compound CEES and of the optimized complex antidote, using the MTT cell viability test. Optimization of the complex antidote formula was achieved by developing and in vitro and in vivo testing of a fixed combination of active substances with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, formulated as a solution with cutaneous administration. In vitro cytotoxicity tests on fibroblast cultures revealed the protective effect of the newly developed antidote solution, specifically a dose-related effect in the case of vesicant exposure

Research on the preservation of locally innovated products obtained from fresh water fish belonging to the Cyprinidae family

This paper aims at identifying species of fresh water fish that could be used for creating locally innovated technological recipes. Therefore, 6 new technological recipes were obtained, which were subjected to analysis for the gravimetric composition of the fish species used, the nutrient composition and microbiology of the locally obtained cans and their preservation over time, depending on the preservation factors that were used. The test results show that the recipes that used lemon sauce, lemon, white wine sauce, mustard sauce, as well as the recipe subsequently preserved by smoking, were most appreciated from sensory point of view. In terms of preservation, all the recipes are kept in refrigeration conditions at 0...2°C for 15 days, and the recipes subject to the smoking treatment were kept up to 30 days under optimal conditions. The cans produced were extremely appreciated by consumers due to the fact that scientific nutrition currently recommends a high use of fish products. The research was conducted with the support of a fishing company (certified natural person) under the Research/consultancy agreement entitled “Research on the study of fresh and canned fish-based food products and the influence of the nutrients on the consumers’ health in the North-Eastern Region”

The optimization of the ratio of potentially anti-carcinogenic vegetable fibres in cereals, flours and farinaceous products in the North-East of Romania

The increased contribution of vegetable fibres limits the indirect carcinogenic action of other nutrition principles. The research carried out in 17 world countries revealed that colon neoplasm is reversely proportionate to the use of cereals and their derivatives. The mechanisms via which the low use of vegetable fibres favours colon cancer are manifold: it decreases the speed of the intestinal transit, it increases the ratio of anaerobic microbial flora, it reduces the capacity to metabolise biliary acids. Therefore, the use of flours with high-degree of extraction, rich in insoluble fibres and containing less soluble fibres, facilitates consumer’s digestion by producing an extended state of satiation; due to the reduction of the food intakes, the risk of obesity also decreases. Flours with a lower extraction degree and farinaceous products obtained from them negatively impact digestion by hydrating fibres, creating short-chain fatty acids in the colon, which ferment soluble fibres. This generates the low ratio of mineral salts and vitamins, the farinaceous products being food partially devitalised of valuable nutrients. The experiments carried out revealed the following results: the total vegetable fibres in wheat and wheat grits (for samples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) was between 10.6% and 44%, for rye and rye cake the values ranged from 11.5% to 11.73%, and for oat the value was 4.15%. For flours obtained from wheat, the total content of vegetable was: 3.25% for white wheat flour T650, 9.57% for whole-wheat flour. Regarding the types of white bread, the ratio of vegetable fibres was 2.51%, and, respectively, 8.47% for whole-wheat bread. The experiments conducted reveal that the sample 6, with grit granulation, has a high content of dietary fibres, namely 10.6%, of which non-cellulosic polysaccharides 6.27%, cellulose 3.48%, and lignin 0.85%, and that it can be used with good results in the technological process, having a hydration capacity of 84.46%. Therefore, by increasing the content of vegetable fibres from 3.25% in the white flour to 10.6% in the flour with dietary fibres obtained, we can optimise the quality of the farinaceous products with no added exogenous substances (food additives), and also improve the anti-carcinogenic potential of these farinaceous products. The research was conducted by using the resources of the processing company under the Research/consultancy agreement entitled “Research on the innovation of new farinaceous products rich in nutrients and recommended in the diets for preventing and fighting against certain metabolic disorders”

Assessment of Histological Features in Squamous Cell Carcinoma Involving Head and Neck Skin and Mucosa

Background: squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common type of malignancy worldwide. Skin and mucosa of the head and neck areas are the most frequently affected. An aggressive behavior in SCC is not easily detected, and despite all efforts, mortality in these types of cancer did not show major improvements during recent decades. In this study, we aim to determine the role of histological features available through standard pathology assessment in SCC and their relation with tumor behavior and patients’ survival. Method: in a group of one hundred patients diagnosed with SCC involving the head and neck areas, we assessed the presence of four histological features (tumor/stroma ratio, immune infiltration at the front of invasion, tumor-budding activity, and tumor necrosis), their correlations with tumor type (mucosal or cutaneous), tumor clinicopathological characteristics, and their prognostic potential. Results: the comparison between histological features in cutaneous versus mucosal SCC reveals no significant differences for any of the four parameters assessed. We found significant correlations between tumor/stroma ratio and lymphatic metastasis (p = 0.0275), perineural invasion (p = 0.0006), and clinical staging (p = 0.0116). Immune infiltration at the front of invasion revealed similar correlations with lymph node involvement (p = 0.002), perineural invasion (p = 0.0138), and clinical staging (p = 0.0043). Tumor budding and tumor necrosis correlated with the size of the tumor (p = 0.0077 and p = 0.0004) and the clinical staging (p = 0.0039 and p = 0.0143). In addition, tumor budding was significantly correlated with perineural invasion (p = 0.0454). In mucosal SCC, patients with improved outcome revealed high values for the tumor/stroma ratio (p = 0.0159) and immune infiltration at the front of invasion (p = 0.0274). However, the multivariate analysis did not confirm their independent prognostic roles. Conclusions: extended histological assessments that include features such as tumor/stroma ratio, immune infiltration at the front of invasion, tumor budding, and tumor necrosis can be an easy, accessible method to collect additional information on tumor aggressiveness in skin and mucosa SCC affecting the head and neck areas

Pilot Study of the Long-Term Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure on the Mouse Brain

The increasing radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic radiation pollution resulting from the development and use of technologies utilizing RF has sparked debate about the possible biological effects of said radiation. Of particular concern is the potential impact on the brain, due to the close proximity of communication devices to the head. The main aim of this study was to examine the effects of long-term exposure to RF on the brains of mice in a real-life scenario simulation compared to a laboratory setting. The animals were exposed continuously for 16 weeks to RF using a household Wi-Fi router and a laboratory device with a frequency of 2.45 GHz, and were compared to a sham-exposed group. Before and after exposure, the mice underwent behavioral tests (open-field test and Y-maze); at the end of the exposure period, the brain was harvested for histopathological analysis and assessment of DNA methylation levels. Long-term exposure of mice to 2.45 GHz RF radiation increased their locomotor activity, yet did not cause significant structural or morphological changes in their brains. Global DNA methylation was lower in exposed mice compared to sham mice. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind these effects and to understand the potential effects of RF radiation on brain function

Pilot Study of the Long-Term Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure on the Mouse Brain

The increasing radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic radiation pollution resulting from the development and use of technologies utilizing RF has sparked debate about the possible biological effects of said radiation. Of particular concern is the potential impact on the brain, due to the close proximity of communication devices to the head. The main aim of this study was to examine the effects of long-term exposure to RF on the brains of mice in a real-life scenario simulation compared to a laboratory setting. The animals were exposed continuously for 16 weeks to RF using a household Wi-Fi router and a laboratory device with a frequency of 2.45 GHz, and were compared to a sham-exposed group. Before and after exposure, the mice underwent behavioral tests (open-field test and Y-maze); at the end of the exposure period, the brain was harvested for histopathological analysis and assessment of DNA methylation levels. Long-term exposure of mice to 2.45 GHz RF radiation increased their locomotor activity, yet did not cause significant structural or morphological changes in their brains. Global DNA methylation was lower in exposed mice compared to sham mice. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms behind these effects and to understand the potential effects of RF radiation on brain function

PREVALENCE AND ANATOMICAL PARTICULARITIES OF THE SECOND MESIOBUCCAL CANAL OF THE PERMANENT UPPER FIRST MOLAR IN THE ROMANIAN POPULATION IN A CLINICAL ENVIRONMENT USING CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGING- IN VIVO STUDY

One of the most common causes of endodontic treatment failure is inadequate diagnosis and treatment planning of the treated tooth, including lack of comprehensive knowledge about the morphological characteristics and their frequent variations of the entire root canal system. Therefore, a successful root canal treatment depends on a clinician’s ability to locate, clean, shape, and fill the entire canal system in all dimensions. The permanent upper first molar (MFM) is the earliest permanent tooth that appears in the oral cavity and that makes it vulnerable to caries and further to the need of endodontic treatment.Permanent maxillary first molars (MFM) generally have three roots with additional canal located in the mesiobuccal root (MB) which are called first mesiobuccal (MB1) and second mesiobuccal (MB2) and loops, intercanal connections, auxiliary canals, and apical ramifications are all common anatomical features. In maxillary molars, a conventional intraoral periapical radiograph provides a 2D view of the root canal system (RCS); as a result, the prevalence of undetected MB2 canal is high; the need for a 3D view of the RCS can be satisfactorily fulfilled by cone-beam CT (CBCT). The prevalence of MB2 has been assessed in several in vitro and in vivo studies, presenting variations according to the methodology applied, along with the population of interest. As a novelty this study aims to analyze the MB2 canal prevalence, anatomy and working length in MFM in the Romanian population using CBCT imaging and clinical notes. In addition, the data obtained will contribute to the currently available evidence in the literature from other parts of the world as well as increase the general dental practitioners (GDP) awareness about the anatomical complexities and variations of the permanent upper first molar. In this retrospective study, CBCT images and clinical notes of 289 patients with ages between 14 and 78 years old presenting 336 upper first molar pathology were reviewed in this study, which was conducted at the Endodontology Department of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova. According to this retrospective study, the romanian people have a high prevalence of the MB2 canal in permanent maxillary first molar regardless of gender. The overall prevalence of the MB2 canal was 75%, with a type II morphology according to Vertucci classification in 69% of cases and an average length of 14.7mm for type II respectively 18.3 mm for type IV canal type