Чинники підвищення ефективності системи управління сферою фізичної культури та спорту на регіональному рівні: соціологічний аналіз

The article examines the system of physical culture and sport in sociological discourse as a sphere of social life, in which the activity of social actors and their social interaction and communication at the global, national, regional and local levels are reflected, reflecting the value-normative system of society, and as it involves a social system, management, or rather, social management, in which the state plays a leading role. It has been determined that the social (and, as a variant of state) management of the sphere of physical culture and sport has a certain specificity, which is the presence of a system of organizations, institutions and institutions of physical culture and sports, the principles and mechanisms of management of such institutions, levels of management of the system of physical culture and sports – tactical, operational and strategic. The state establishes a network of central, regional and local authorities for the management of the system of physical culture and sports. Depending on where the focus is on the management of the physical culture and sport system, it is decided to allocate two main models: centralized and decentralized. On the basis of the results of sociological research the factors of increasing the effectiveness of the management system in the field of physical culture and sport are determined:1. Financial and material support (51% of all statements of experts and 27,1% of consumer statements). Typical statements are ‘financial security, material security, salary increases, the construction of stadiums and sports grounds’.2. Inter-sectoral interaction of the governing bodies of the sphere of physical culture and sports, business, public organizations and the population (25.5% of all expert statements and 29.7% of consumer statements). Typical statements are: ‘Coordination of community sports facilities and NGOs, delegation of authority to public organizations, wide contact with clubs, interaction with NGOs, cooperation with business’.3. Human resources (15.7% of all expert opinions and 18.9% of consumer statements). Typical expressions: ‘Increasing the number of skilled workers, updating staff, professionalism of workers, motivating athletes’.4. Information and technological support (7,8% of all statements of experts and 24,3% of consumer statements). Typical expressions: «exchange of experience, introduction of advanced technologies, exchange of ideas, social advertising, coverage in the media».Therefore, if for experts the financial and material support of the management of the sphere of physical culture and sport in the Zaporizhzhia region is the main factor in improving the efficiency of the sphere of physical culture and sports, then consumers point out the importance of cross-sectoral interaction, staffing and information provision.Рассмотрена система физической культуры и спорта в социологическом дискурсе как сфера общественной жизни, в которой воспроизводится активность социальных субъектов, их социальное взаимодействие и коммуникация на глобальном, национальном, региональном и локальном уровнях, что отражает ценностно-нормативную систему общества, а как социальная система она предполагает управление, а точнее – социальное управление, в котором государство играет ведущую роль. Определено, что социальное (и как его разновидность государственное) управление сферой физической культуры и спорта имеет определенную специфику, которая заключается в наличии системы организаций, учреждений и заведений физической культуры и спорта, принципов и механизмов управления такими заведениями, уровней управления системой физической культуры и спорта – тактического, оперативного и стратегического. Для управления системой физической культуры и спорта государство создает сеть центральных, региональных и местных органов управления. В зависимости от того, где сосредоточены функции по управлению системой физической культуры и спорта, принято выделять две основные модели: централизованную и децентрализованную. На основе результатов социологического исследования определены факторы повышения эффективности системы управления в сфере физической культуры и спорта: факторы, связанные с патернализмом и ведущей ролью государства и факторы, связанные с необходимостью реформирования системы управления в сфере физической культуры и спорта.Розглянуто систему фізичної культури і спорту в соціологічному дискурсі як сферу суспільного життя, в якій відтворюється активність соціальних суб’єктів та їх соціальна взаємодія і комунікація на глобальному, національному, регіональному та локальному рівнях, що відображає ціннісно-нормативну систему суспільства, а як соціальна система вона припускає управління, а точніше – соціальне управління, в якому держава відіграє провідну роль. Визначено, що соціальне (і як його різновид державне) управління сферою фізичної культури та спорту має певну специфіку, яка полягає в наявності системи організацій, установ і закладів фізичної культури та спорту, принципів і механізмів управління такими закладами, рівнів управління системою фізичної культури та спорту – тактичного, оперативного і стратегічного. Для управління системою фізичної культури та спорту держава створює мережу центральних, регіональних і місцевих органів управління. В залежності від того, де зосереджені функції щодо управління системою фізичної культури та спорту, прийнято виділяти дві основні моделі: централізовану і децентралізовану. На основі результатів соціологічного дослідження визначено фактори підвищення ефективності системи управління у сфері фізичної культури та спорту: чинники, які пов’язані із патерналізмом і провідною роллю держави, та чинники, які пов’язані із потребою реформування системи управління в сфері фізичної культури і спорту

Justification of Landscape and Biotechnical Solutions for Designing Water Protection Zones

By comparing the three main approaches to the establishment of water protection zones of small rivers (normative, theoretical and landscape), the method of delineation water protection zones with the application of GIS-technologies (GIS), as well as the basin model of the river system and the position-dynamic structure of landscapes was proposed. The role of a multilevel system of biotechnical measures with the help of tree and shrub vegetation during the formation of water protection zones is show

Model of position-dynamic structure of river basins

In this work, we have presented semi automated means of modeling of position-dynamic structure (PDS) of river basins’ landscapes with application of geo-informational systems (GIS). Results of modeling were tested on the basin of one of headwaters. The structure of the model includes landscape lines, layers, sub-regions and regions. The model takes into account conditions of formation of landscape’s PDS in mountain and plain parts of river basinsyesБелгородский государственный университе

On the Necessity and Possibility of Introducing Self-Driving Systems in an Urban Environment

This article analyses the possibility of using self-driving systems in the field of public transport. In this study, the type of public transport considered is the tram. Today, self-driving innovative technologies are becoming publicly available. It is shown that in the field of modernization of the artificial intelligence of the tram, maximum practical experience is needed to improve its adaptation to various external situations. The study suggests the practical application of self-driving systems in a city with a population of 1.5 million people. This city is Yekaterinburg, Russia. The best world experience in the field of automation of public transport processes is considered. The article also provides an algorithm for the introduction of self-driving systems into the urban environment. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing and modernized tram fleet are shown on the example of the city of Yekaterinburg. SWOT analysis was used as a tool for assessing the need and possibility of introducing a tram. © 2022 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.Solovev D.B.Petukhov V.Bekker A

The Development of a Comfortable Urban Environment on the Example of Ekaterinburg City

The creating of comfortable, safe living environment is the desire of all citizens and the population of the city. The successful way to create a new image of the cities (territories with huge potential) is to use a systematic approach. A comfortable urban environment will allow citizens to spend more time in the street, recharging with positive and wonderful mood. To get effective interactions, it would be good to concentrate the efforts of the city administration, expert communities, local activists and active citizens together to solve urban problems. Public spaces are one of the directions to develop a comfortable city environment. With them it will be possible to reprogram and integrate the historical solutions into the modern ones. The old place will get a new life. In this way small changes will lead to a tremendous transformation. To identify areas that require improvement we must do urban environment analysis. As an applied aspect, the rationale for the improvement of the Stone Tents park zone in the Ekaterinburg city is given. The experience gained in the project framework can be used to create a comfortable urban environment in other settlements. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.Consider property issues and issues of ownership of the territory, study the existing legislative acts relating to the theme of the project; Develop and describe the concept of the park improvement project, build visual models in the landscape design program; Determine the costs of the development and implementation of the improvement project, as well as consider the environmental effectiveness of the project; Identify the possibility of attracting investors for financial support of the project; Describe the expected results of the Stone Tents park landscaping project

Increased circulating ANG II and TNF-α represents important risk factors in obese Saudi adults with hypertension irrespective of diabetic status and BMI

Central adiposity is a significant determinant of obesity-related hypertension risk, which may arise due to the pathogenic inflammatory nature of the abdominal fat depot. However, the influence of pro-inflammatory adipokines on blood pressure in the obese hypertensive phenotype has not been well established in Saudi subjects. As such, our study investigated whether inflammatory factors may represent useful biomarkers to delineate hypertension risk in a Saudi cohort with and without hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2). Subjects were subdivided into four groups: healthy lean controls (age: 47.9±5.1 yr; BMI: 22.9±2.1 Kg/m2), non-hypertensive obese (age: 46.1±5.0 yr; BMI: 33.7±4.2 Kg/m2), hypertensive obese (age: 48.6±6.1 yr; BMI: 36.5±7.7 Kg/m2) and hypertensive obese with DMT2 (age: 50.8±6.0 yr; BMI: 35.3±6.7 Kg/m2). Anthropometric data were collected from all subjects and fasting blood samples were utilized for biochemical analysis. Serum angiotensin II (ANG II) levels were elevated in hypertensive obese (p<0.05) and hypertensive obese with DMT2 (p<0.001) compared with normotensive controls. Systolic blood pressure was positively associated with BMI (p<0.001), glucose (p<0.001), insulin (p<0.05), HOMA-IR (p<0.001), leptin (p<0.01), TNF-α (p<0.001) and ANG II (p<0.05). Associations between ANG II and TNF-α with systolic blood pressure remained significant after controlling for BMI. Additionally CRP (p<0.05), leptin (p<0.001) and leptin/adiponectin ratio (p<0.001) were also significantly associated with the hypertension phenotype. In conclusion our data suggests that circulating pro-inflammatory adipokines, particularly ANG II and, TNF-α, represent important factors associated with a hypertension phenotype and may directly contribute to predicting and exacerbating hypertension risk

Система метрологического обеспечения измерений единицы удельной теплоемкости в диапазоне температур от 260 до 870 К. Государственный первичный эталон и средства передачи

The article presents the results of creating a new state primary standard for the specific heat capacity unit and means for transmission of the unit to other devices, namely, reference measures from various materials. The main structural features of the created calorimeter, its metrological characteristics are described. The data on the specific heat capacity of some materials, considered as the reference measures of specific heat, are shown. The experimental data are compared with data, published by other researchers.В статье приведены результаты создания нового государственного первичного эталона единицы удельной теплоемкости и средств передачи единицы удельной теплоемкости, эталонных мер из различных материалов. Приведены основные конструкционные особенности созданного калориметра, его метрологические характеристики и результаты измерения удельной теплоемкости исследованных материалов, включенных в состав эталона в качестве эталонных мер удельной теплоемкости, а также сравнение полученных результатов с данными других авторов

Differential IL-1β secretion by monocyte subsets is regulated by Hsp27 through modulating mRNA stability.

Monocytes play a central role in regulating inflammation in response to infection or injury, and during auto-inflammatory diseases. Human blood contains classical, intermediate and non-classical monocyte subsets that each express characteristic patterns of cell surface CD16 and CD14; each subset also has specific functional properties, but the mechanisms underlying many of their distinctive features are undefined. Of particular interest is how monocyte subsets regulate secretion of the apical pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β, which is central to the initiation of immune responses but is also implicated in the pathology of various auto-immune/auto-inflammatory conditions. Here we show that primary human non-classical monocytes, exposed to LPS or LPS + BzATP (3'-O-(4-benzoyl)benzyl-ATP, a P2X7R agonist), produce approx. 80% less IL-1β than intermediate or classical monocytes. Despite their low CD14 expression, LPS-sensing, caspase-1 activation and P2X7R activity were comparable in non-classical monocytes to other subsets: their diminished ability to produce IL-1β instead arose from 50% increased IL-1β mRNA decay rates, mediated by Hsp27. These findings identify the Hsp27 pathway as a novel therapeutic target for the management of conditions featuring dysregulated IL-1β production, and represent an advancement in understanding of both physiological inflammatory responses and the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases involving monocyte-derived IL-1β

Management of MDR-TB in HIV co-infected patients in Eastern Europe: Results from the TB:HIV study

Objectives Mortality among HIV patients with tuberculosis (TB) remains high in Eastern Europe (EE), but details of TB and HIV management remain scarce. Methods In this prospective study, we describe the TB treatment regimens of patients with multi-drug resistant (MDR) TB and use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Results A total of 105 HIV-positive patients had MDR-TB (including 33 with extensive drug resistance) and 130 pan-susceptible TB. Adequate initial TB treatment was provided for 8% of patients with MDR-TB compared with 80% of those with pan-susceptible TB. By twelve months, an estimated 57.3% (95%CI 41.5\u201374.1) of MDR-TB patients had started adequate treatment. While 67% received ART, HIV-RNA suppression was demonstrated in only 23%. Conclusions Our results show that internationally recommended MDR-TB treatment regimens were infrequently used and that ART use and viral suppression was well below the target of 90%, reflecting the challenging patient population and the environment in which health care is provided. Urgent improvement of management of patients with TB/HIV in EE, in particular for those with MDR-TB, is needed and includes widespread access to rapid TB diagnostics, better access to and use of second-line TB drugs, timely ART initiation with viral load monitoring, and integration of TB/HIV care