Molecular Biological Significance of Cell Cycle Proteins in Colon Cancer Bargained by Gene Mutations And DNA/RNA Viruses.

Genetic mutations in BRCA1/2 and hMSH2 genes, as well as viral infections, have been implicated in colon cancer (CC) development and progression. Aim: To evaluate the molecular characteristics of cell cycle proteins (p53,bcl-2, NF1, pRb1) in colon cancer cases burdened by gene mutations (BRCA1/2, hMSH2) and DNA/RNA viruses. Methods: A molecular biological and immunological study was performed: cycle proteins NF1, p53, bcl-2, pRb1, viruses (HSV1/2, HHV6, CMV, VEB, HCV, HBV, HVP), BRCA 1/2 genes, hMSH2 gene. Results: The number of mutations in the BRCA1/2, and hMSH2 genes in blood samples from individuals with CC was 2.04%, while the frequency of changes in the hMSH2 gene was 4.17%, which is lower than the frequency of mutations in the same genes in tumor tissue samples – 7.98% (p=0.003). The occurrence of BRCA1/2 gene mutations among women showed their dependence on CC with exons of the hMSH2 gene. Viruses isolated in tumor tissue: HSV 1/2 – 86.8%, HHV6 – 25.0%, CMV – 10.3%, HCV 4.4%, HBV – 2.94%, HVP – 4, 1%, VEB – 19.1%, mixed inertia – 11.76%. Proteins p53, bcl-2, pRb1, and NF1 in intestinal tissue did not depend on the age and gender of patients. Conclusion: This study provides compelling evidence for the role of cell cycle proteins as diagnostic markers in colon cancer. The levels of p53, bcl 2, pRb1, and NF1 were significantly elevated in the Blood and tumor tissue of colon cancer patients compared to healthy controls

Molecular epidemiological study of clinical cases of acute hepatitis E in Belarus

Relevance. The frequency of occurrence of anamnestic antibodies to the hepatitis E virus (HEV) in the general population of the Republic of Belarus is 7.3%, which is clearly not consistent with the low incidence of hepatitis E (HE). Most of primary HEV infections remain undiagnosed. The intensive epidemic process of HEV in the Belarusian population is hidden. Conducting epidemiological studies, including genotyping of HEV sequences isolated on the territory of the republic, makes it possible to more accurately characterize the sources of HEV infection and the mechanisms of its transmission. Aim molecular epidemiological study of two cases of acute hepatitis E detected in patients from Belarus. Materials and methods. During 20212022, samples of biological material were obtained from two patients undergoing treatment with an established diagnosis of acute hepatitis E. Serum samples were tested to detect antibodies to HEV using enzyme immunoassay, HEV RNA was detected in fecal samples using nested RT-PCR. The nucleotide sequence was determined by an automatic sequencer using the Sanger method. Analysis of nucleotide sequences, their genotyping, and calculation of evolutionary distances were performed using MEGA X software. Results. The HEV sequence isolated from a pregnant woman who had an epidemiological episode of alimentary contact with raw pork meat is clustered into a common phylogenetic clade with HEV sequence obtained from the patient from Belarus with a history of kidney transplantation and HEV sequences isolated from a domestic pigs. The HEV sequence isolated from a patient with a history of travel to Pakistan belongs to the HEV genotype 1 and joins a clade of HEV sequences isolated in Pakistan, India, Nepal and Mongolia