23 research outputs found
Gut microbiota and sirtuins in obesity-related inflammation and bowel dysfunction
Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by persistent low-grade inflammation with alterations in gut motility. Motor abnormalities suggest that obesity has effects on the enteric nervous system (ENS), which controls virtually all gut functions. Recent studies have revealed that the gut microbiota can affect obesity and increase inflammatory tone by modulating mucosal barrier function. Furthermore, the observation that inflammatory conditions influence the excitability of enteric neurons may add to the gut dysfunction in obesity. In this article, we discuss recent advances in understanding the role of gut microbiota and inflammation in the pathogenesis of obesity and obesity-related gastrointestinal dysfunction. The potential contribution of sirtuins in protecting or regulating the circuitry of the ENS under inflamed states is also considered
Role of antioxidant enzymes and small molecular weight antioxidants in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
First detailed description of axial traction techniques by serefeddin sabuncuoglu in the 15th century
Cervical spine fractures in the elderly: morbidity and mortality after operative treatment
Abdominal wall phlebitis due to Prevotella bivia following renal transplantation in a patient with an occluded inferior vena cava
Morphological adaptation of a planktonic diatom to growth in Antarctic sea ice.
Chaetoceros dichaeta Ehrenberg is one of the
most important planktonic diatom species in the Southern
Ocean, making a significant contribution to the total biomass
in the region. Our observations on both field and
culture material have revealed the existence of a specialized
form of C. dichaeta adapted to living in sea ice. This
sea ice form differs from the planktonic form by the shape
and orientation of the setae and the aperture length between
sibling cells. Thus, the diameter of the chain is equivalent
to the apical axes of the cells and is accompanied by a two
order of magnitude decrease in minimal space requirement.
Here, we report for the first time on the extraordinary
overwintering strategy of a planktonic diatom in sea ice
facilitated by its rapid morphological adaptation to
changing environmental conditions. This morphological
plasticity enables it to thrive in the confined space of the
sea ice brine matrix and retain its numerical dominance in
recurrent growing seasons and has likely evolved to
optimally exploit the dynamic ecosystem of the seasonally
ice-covered seas of the Southern Ocean