Photoinduced Halogen-Atom Transfer by N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Ligated Boryl Radicals for C(sp³)-C(sp³) Bond Formation

Herein, we present a comprehensive study on the use of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-ligated boryl radicals to enable C(sp3)–C(sp3) bond formation under visible-light irradiation via Halogen-Atom Transfer (XAT). The methodology relies on the use of an acridinium dye to generate the boron-centered radicals from the corresponding NHC-ligated boranes via single-electron transfer (SET) and deprotonation. These boryl radicals subsequently engage with alkyl halides in an XAT step, delivering the desired nucleophilic alkyl radicals. The present XAT strategy is very mild and accommodates a broad scope of alkyl halides, including medicinally relevant compounds and biologically active molecules. The key role of NHC-ligated boryl radicals in the operative reaction mechanism has been elucidated through a combination of experimental, spectroscopic, and computational studies. This methodology stands as a significant advancement in the chemistry of NHC-ligated boryl radicals, which had long been restricted to radical reductions, enabling C–C bond formation under visible-light photoredox conditions

Slogging and Stumbling Toward Social Justice in a Private Elementary School: The Complicated Case of St. Malachy

This case study examines St. Malachy, an urban Catholic elementary school primarily serving children traditionally marginalized by race, class, linguistic heritage, and disability. As a private school, St. Malachy serves the public good by recruiting and retaining such traditionally marginalized students. As empirical studies involving Catholic schools frequently juxtapose them with public schools, the author presents this examination from a different tack. Neither vilifying nor glorifying Catholic schooling, this study critically examines the pursuit of social justice in this school context. Data gathered through a 1-year study show that formal and informal leaders in St. Malachy adapted their governance, aggressively sought community resources, and focused their professional development to build the capacity to serve their increasingly pluralistic student population. The analysis confirms the deepening realization that striving toward social justice is a messy, contradictory, and complicated pursuit, and that schools in both public and private sectors are allies in this pursuit

Photoinduced Halogen-Atom Transfer by N-heterocyclic carbene boryl radicals for C(sp3)−C(sp3) bond formation

Primary NMR FID files for synthesized starting materials, products 3-40, as well as optimized geometries of species reported in Figure 4e, IRC and PES profiles.</p

Photoinduced Halogen-Atom Transfer by N-heterocyclic carbene boryl radicals for C(sp3)−C(sp3) bond formation

Primary NMR FID files for synthesized starting materials, products 3-40, as well as optimized geometries of species reported in Figure 4e, IRC and PES profiles.</p

Photoinduced Halogen-Atom Transfer by N-heterocyclic carbene boryl radicals for C(sp3)−C(sp3) bond formation

Primary NMR FID files for synthesized starting materials, products 3-40, as well as optimized geometries of species reported in Figure 4e, IRC and PES profiles.</p

Photoinduced Halogen-Atom Transfer by N-heterocyclic carbene boryl radicals for C(sp3)−C(sp3) bond formation

Primary NMR FID files for synthesized starting materials, products 3-40, as well as optimized geometries of species reported in Figure 4e, IRC and PES profiles