Entre a captação e a divulgação de dados: a importância da dnv e do seu adequado preenchimento

Introduction: the Information System on Live Birth (SINASC) aims to receive and disseminate information about the live births, the mothers, the gestation, birth, of the newborn; taking into consideration that the information about the live births of a country or a particular region is fundamental, because thebirths are part of the composition of variousdemographic nd epidemiological indicators, such as the rates of infant ortality, low birth weight, birth rates and fecundity. Objective: this research aimed to compare the data contained in the DNV (White duplicate) compared to the disclosed in the SINASC/DATASUS, in the municipality of Cajazeiras, PB (2006-2010). Method: it is a descriptive study, by means of revising the 3972 DNV from 2006 to 2010, archived in the sector of Epidemiologic Vigilance, and also the data disclosed in the SINASC, relating to the mothers residing in the referred municipality. Results: it was perceived a significant flaw in the completion of the DNV and ambiguity between the SMS and DATASUS data, thereby jeopardizing the reliability and questioning the precision and completeness of the registers of this information system compared to the SMS ones. Thereby, in addition to the flaws in the adequate completion in of the DNV at the birth place, there were flaws in the electronic typing of the data. Conclusion: thus, the results point to a need of the Municipal Health Department to promote training and guidance for the person responsible for the completion of the DNV and the electronic typing of the system, in order to achieve a total and correct completion of all the items of the DNV; emphasizing the importance of this document and its integral completion. ResumoIntrodução: O Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC) se propõe a captar e divulgar informações acerca dos nascidos vivos, da genitora, da gestação, do parto, do recém nascido; levando em consideração que a informação sobre os nascidos vivos de um país ou de determinada região é fundamental, pois os nascimentos fazem parte da composição de vários indicadores demográficos e epidemiológicos, como as taxas de mortalidade infantil, baixo peso ao nascer, natalidade e de fecundidade. Objetivo: Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de comparar os dados contidos nas DNV (via Branca) frente aos divulgados no SINASC/DATASUS, no município de Cajazeiras, PB (2006-2010). Método: É um estudo descritivo, por meio de revisão das 3972 DNV de 2006 a 2010, arquivadas no setor da Vigilância Epidemiológica, e também dos dados divulgados no SINASC, relativos às mães residentes no referido município. resultados: Percebeu-se falha significativa no preenchimento da DNV e ambiguidades entre os dados SMS e DATASUS, comprometendo a confiabilidade e pondo em dúvida a precisão e completeza dos registros desse sistema de informação, frente aos da SMS. Desse modo, além de ter havido falha no preenchimento adequado da DNV no local do nascimento, houve falha na digitação eletrônica dos dados.Conclusão: Assim, os resultados apontam a necessidade em que a Secretaria Municipal de Saúde promova treinamentos e orientações para a pessoa responsável pelo preenchimento da DNV e pela digitação eletrônica do sistema, para se obter um total e correto preenchimento de todos os itens da DNV; enfatizando a importância deste documento e do seu preenchimento integral

PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH DEPRESSION IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

Introduction: depression, besides causing great psychological distress, may lead to poor academic performance and social relationships. Objective: to examine the prevalence of depressive symptoms in medical students from a northeastern region of Brazil. Methods: the population comprised 1024 students from first to twelfth semesters of two medical schools in Cariri, Ceará, Brazil. We used the questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics and the Beck Depression Inventory II version. Results: the prevalence in this population for the diagnosis of depression was 28.8%.652 (63.7%) complied with all protocols to stay in research. After logistic regression, had a negative impact on studentsmental health: female Odds Ratio adjusted (ORa) (95% CI): 1.83 (1.19 to 2.82), reasonable physical health ORa (95% CI): 3.15 (2 0.09 to 4, 73), uncertainty about professional future ORa (95% CI): 2.97 (1.65 to 5.34), desire to change course ORa (95% CI): 2.51 (1.63 to 3.86), good social relationship but without participation in social activities ORa (95% CI): 1.96 (1.27 to 3.04), relationship difficulties ORa (95% CI): 11.40 (4.32 to 30.14) and rare leisure activities (95% CI): 2.45 (1.49 to 4.04) or eventual leisure activities ORa (95% CI): 3.04 (1.70 to 5.42 ). Conclusion: there was a high prevalence of depression among medical students in this region. Female, reasonable physical health, uncertainty over future career, desire to change course, do not participate in social activities and / or difficulties in relationships, sporadic or rare leisure activity were associated with increased risk of developing depressive symptoms

Metabolic syndrome in elderly from a northeastern brazilian city

Introduction: Population aging is a global reality. In Brazil, it is so expressive and in 2050 is estimated that the number of men and women over 80 years old can overcome the 20-24 years old population and also children under 14 years old. Metabolic syndrome is defined as a set of cardiovascular risk factors, detection and intervention in this age group may decrease cardiovascular mortality. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in elderly patients in a northeastern Brazilian city. Method: This is a quantitative, observational, cross-sectional and population-based study. The population consisted of non-institutionalized individuals aged> 60 years old, attended in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) and residents in Cajazeiras, PB, Brazil. For the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome we considered the criteria recommended by the International Federation of Diabetes. Results: We studied 351 elderly patients with 72.4+8.7 years old and 66.1% were female. The prevalence of MS was 69.8% and the most frequent criterion was increased waist circumference (82.6%), followed by high triglycerides (81.5%) and low HDL-cholesterol (80.6%). We observed a statistically significant positive association between MS and women [OR: 1.38 (95% CI: 1.18 to 1.63)] and housing in urban areas [OR: 1.23 (1.02 to 1.48)]. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of MS among the elderly mainly in women and those living in urban areas

The biopsychosocial processes in autism spectrum disorder

Abstract\ud \ud \ud \ud Background\ud \ud Autism is a disorder characterized by pervasive social and communicative impairments, repetitive and stereotyped behaviors and restricted interests. Its causes and effects have been researched from various neurocognitive theoretical perspectives and with the aid of neuroimaging technology. We aimed to describe biopsychosocial processes characteristic of the Autism Spectrum Disorders.\ud \ud \ud \ud Method\ud \ud Literature review using Medline and Scopus databases published between 2001 and 2011, with the keywords "autism", "theory of mind", "executive functions", "central coherence" and “fMRI”.\ud \ud \ud \ud Results\ud \ud The studies found were plotted and organized into tables and an explanatory diagram of the main findings was produced.\ud \ud \ud \ud Conclusions\ud \ud The most popular neurocognitive theories are still unable to fully explain the characteristics of the complications that autistic spectrum disorder causes to the quality of life of individuals living with autism. The association of clinical research and neuroimaging may contribute to a better understanding of the functioning of the brain affected by the disorder.This group received support from School of Medicine of ABC

What is and how can be explained pregnancy in adolescence

ResumoIntrodução: O exercício da sexualidade de forma inconsequente pode gerar inúmeros conflitos e interferir nos planos futuros de cada adolescente, resultando em gravidez precoce, por exemplo. Objetivo: Descrever as ideias associadas à temática gravidez na adolescência. Método: Tratase de uma revisão sistemática com produção científica acerca da gravidez na adolescência divulgada em periódicos da área da saúde, no período 2006 a 2010. Tem abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa dos dados. A amostra analisada totalizou 20 artigos. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um roteiro estruturado contendo questões objetivas e subjetivas. Os dados quantitativos foram apresentados em tabela, os subjetivos, em quadros, refletidos através da análise temática (Bardin). Resultados: Os achados revelam sentimentos negativos, dentre outros, associados à gravidez na adolescência e a sua ocorrência a fatores psicológicos e socioeconômicos. Discussões: A gravidez na adolescência pode ser vista como um período de busca da identidade, ocorrendo em virtude da rebeldia, muitas vezes vivenciada em relação a sua família e ao contexto histórico-social. Portanto, sua explicação é multifatorial. Conclusão: Este fenômeno pode ser algo vivenciado positivamente ou negativamente, de forma desejada ou indesejada, com apoio familiar ou não. Por isso, faz-se necessário uma visão holística do fato. Espera-se que este estudo elucide questões acerca da gravidez na adolescência e coopere para ações preventivas e educativas.Introduction: The inconsequential exercise of sexuality may generate innumerous conflicts and interfere wityh each adolescent’s plans for the future, resulting in early pregnancy, for example. Objective: Describe the ideas associated to the subject pregnancy in adolescence. Methods: This is a systematic revision with scientific production about pregnancy in adolescence disseminated in health science journals, in the period of 2006 to 2010. It has a quantitative and qualitative approach to the data. The total analyzed samples were 20 articles. The data collection instrument was a structured script containing objective and subjective questions. The quantitative data was presented in tables, the subjective, in charts, reflected through thematic analysis (Bardin). Results: The findings revealed negative feelings, among others, associated to the pregnancy during adolescence and its occurrence to psychological and socio-economic factors.Discussions: The pregnancy in adolescence can be seen as a period of search for identity, occurring due to rebelliousness, many times experienced in relation to their families and to the historical and social context. However, its explanation is multifactorial. Conclusion: This phenomenon may be something that is experienced positively or negatively, in a desired or undesired form, with or without family support. Therefore, it is necessary a holistic view of the fact. Hopefully this study may clarify questions regarding pregnancy in adolescence and may cooperate to establish preventive and educational actions

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others