Association between hypogonadism and reproductive tissue steroid-producing cells antibody in men with positive MAR test IgG and diabetes mellitus type 1

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune hypogonadism is frequently taped in men with positive direct mixed agglutination reaction antisperm antibodies IgG test (MAR test IgG). AIMS: Тo assess pathogenetic factor of autoimmune hypogonadism in men with positive MAR test IgG and diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study included 97 patients with positive direct MAR test IgG: 30 men with DM1 and 67 – without DM. Assessment included testosterone level and titer of summary reproductive tissue steroid-producing cells antibody (LCA). Statistically significant differences were p<0,05. RESULTS: 43% of men with DM1 have abnormal LCA titer and it was significantly higher than in patients without DM – 21%. In both groups testosterone level was significantly lower in men with abnormal LCA titer than in patients with normal antibodies titer. Frequency of hypogonadism in men with abnormal LCA titer was significantly higher than in patients with normal antibodies titer also in both groups. There were no significantly differences of MAR test IgG in patients with normal and abnormal LCA titer. CONCLUSIONS: Autoimmune hypogonadism is a common complication in men with DM1 and positive MAR test IgG and it’s strongly associated with high titer of summary reproductive tissue steroid-producing cells antibody

A novel branching pattern in the lipopolysaccharide expressed by non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae strain 1232

We report the novel branching pattern in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) expressed by non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) strain 1232. The strain expressed the \u3b2-D-Glcp-(1\u21924)-[\u3b1-D-Galp-(1\u21924)-\u3b2-D-Galp- (1\u21927)]-D-\u3b1-D-Hepp-(1\u21926)-\u3b2-D-Glcp chain linked to the proximal heptose (HepI) of the conserved triheptosyl inner-core moiety of NTHi LPS: L-\u3b1-D-HepIIIp-(1\u21922)-[PEtn\u21926]-L-\u3b1-D-HepIIp-(1\u21923)- L-\u3b1-DHepIp-( 1\u21925)-[PPEtn\u21924]-\u3b1-Kdop-(2\u21926)-lipid A. The structure has been elucidated using NMR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and capillary electrophoresis coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (CE-ESI-MSn) on O-deacylated LPS and core oligosaccharide (OS) materials, as well as HPLC-ESI-MSn on permethylated, dephosphorylated OS. It was also found that a tetrasaccharide unit bearing sialic acid [\u3b1-Neu5Ac-(2\u21923)-\u3b2-D-Galp-(1\u21924)- \u3b2-D-GlcNAcp-(1\u21923)-\u3b2-D-Galp-(1\u2192] could substitute O-4 of the \u3b2-D-Glcp linked to HepI. In addition, the distal heptose (HepIII) was substituted by PCho\u21926-\u3b2-D-Galp-(1\u2192 at the O-2 position. \ua9 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye

Structural studies of the lipopolysaccharide from Haemophilus parainfluenzae strain 20.

Haemophilus parainfluenzae is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the upper respiratory tract of humans and is a part of normal flora. In this study, we investigated the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) expressed by H. parainfluenzae strain 20. Using NMR and MS techniques on LPS, oligosaccharide samples and lipid A, the structures for O-antigen, core oligosaccharide and lipid A could be established. It was found that the biological repeating unit of the O-antigen is →4)-α-D-GalpNAc-(1→P→6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→3)-α-D-FucpNAc4N-(1→, in which D-FucpNAc4N is 2-acetamido-4-amino-2,4,6-trideoxy-D-galactose. This sugar is in β-configuration when linked to O-4 of the glucose residue of β-D-Galp-(1→2)-L-α-D-Hepp-(1→2)-[PEtn→6]-L-α-D-Hepp-(1→3)-[β-D-Glcp-(1→4)]-L-α-D-Hepp-(1→5)-[PPEtn→4]-α-Kdo-(2→6)-lipid A. LPS from a wbaP mutant of H. parainfluenzae strain 20 did not contain an O-antigen, consistent with the wbaP gene product being required for expression of O-antigen in fully extended LPS

Genes required for the synthesis of heptose-containing oligosaccharide outer core extensions in Haemophilus influenzae lipopolysaccharide.

Heptose-containing oligosaccharides (OSs) are found in the outer core of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of a subset of non-typable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) strains. Candidate genes for the addition of either l-glycero-d-manno-heptose (ld-Hep) or d-glycero-d-manno-heptose (dd-Hep) and subsequent hexose sugars to these OSs have been identified from the recently completed genome sequences available for NTHi strains. losA1/losB1 and losA2/losB2 are two sets of related genes in which losA has homology to genes encoding glycosyltransferases and losB to genes encoding heptosyltransferases. Each set of genes is variably present across NTHi strains and is located in a region of the genome with an alternative gene organization between strains that contributes to LPS heterogeneity. Dependent upon the strain background, the LPS phenotype, structure and serum resistance of strains mutated in these genes were altered when compared with the relevant parent strain. Our studies confirm that losB1 and losB2 usually encode dd-heptosyl- and ld-heptosyl transferases, respectively, and that losA1 and losA2 encode glycosyltransferases that play a role in OS extensions of NTHi LPS

A Haemophilus influenzae strain associated with Fisher syndrome expresses a novel disialylated ganglioside mimic: Biochemistry

The non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae strain DH1 was isolated from a 25 year old male patient with Fisher syndrome, a postinfectious autoimmune condition characterized by the presence of anti-GQ1b IgG antibodies that target and initiate damage to peripheral nerves. DH1 was found to display an alphaNeuAc(2-8)alphaNeuAc(2-3)betaGal branch bound to the tetraheptosyl backbone core of its lipooligosaccharide (LOS). The novel sialylation pattern was found to be dependent on the activity of a bifunctional sialyltransferase, Lic3B, which catalyzes the addition of both the terminal and subterminal sialic acid residues. Patient serum IgGs bind to DH1 LOS, and the reactivity is significantly influenced by the presence of sialylated glycoforms. The display by DH1, of a surface glycan that mimics the terminal trisaccharide portion of disialosyl-containing gangliosides, provides strong evidence for its involvement in the development of Fisher syndromeNRC publication: Ye