Moisture Dependent Physical Properties of Anise Seeds

A study on the anise seeds (Ajmer Anise-1) was performed to investigate the effect of seeds moisture content on their physical properties as these are very important to design post harvest equipments. The physical properties of the anise were evaluated as a function of moisture contents in the range of 4.85 % to 24.81% dry basis (d.b.). Seed geometric parameters such as average length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, volume, sphericity and surface area increased with the increase in seed moisture. The 1000-seed mass increased linearly with increase in moisture. Bulk density and true density of anise decreased when seed moisture content was raised while the porosity of anise increased. The angle of repose and coefficients of static friction on four different surfaces (plywood, mild steel, galvanized iron and glass) and terminal velocity increased with increase in seed moisture

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Not AvailableField experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2003-06 at NRCSS, Ajmer (Rajasthan) to study the growth, profitability and productivity of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L) as influenced by irrigation and nutrient levels with varying crop geometry. Three irrigation levels (12, 15 and 18 days interval) in main plot, nutrient levels (N and P2O5 each of 30 +15 , 40+20 and 50+25 kg/ha, respectively) in sub plot and crop geometry ( 20 x 10, 25 x 10 and 30 x 10 cm ) in sub-sub plot were studied in split-plot design with three replications. The highest plant height at all the growth stages, branches /plant, dry matter accumulation/plant at 80 DAS and harvest of coriander were recorded with application of irrigation at 15 days interval but higher dry matter /plant at 40 DAS was obtained with irrigation at 18 days interval. Yield attributes, seed yield (12.12 q/ha) and straw yield (18.43 q/ha) was recorded with irrigation at 15 days interval and remained at par with 18 days interval but the highest net return (Rs 41,565/ha) and B:C (2.27) was obtained with 18 days irrigation interval. The higher growth parameters, yield attributes, seed yield (12.48 q /ha), net return (Rs. 42,922/ha) and B:C (2.21) were obtained with application of 50 kg N and 25 kg P2O5 /ha. Crop geometry 30 x 10 cm resulted 9 % higher seed yield over 20 x10 cm. Thus, application of irrigation at 15 days interval with 50 kg N + 25 kg P2O5/ha at 30 x 10 cm crop geometry is better for realizing higher yields but higher net return and profitability in coriander production may be realized with application of irrigation at 18 days interval.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableField experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2003-06 at NRCSS, Ajmer (Rajasthan) to study the growth, profitability and productivity of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L) as influenced by irrigation and nutrient levels with varying crop geometry. Three irrigation levels (12, 15 and 18 days interval) in main plot, nutrient levels (N and P2O5 each of 30 +15 , 40+20 and 50+25 kg/ha, respectively) in sub plot and crop geometry ( 20 x 10, 25 x 10 and 30 x 10 cm ) in sub-sub plot were studied in split-plot design with three replications. The highest plant height at all the growth stages, branches /plant, dry matter accumulation/plant at 80 DAS and harvest of coriander were recorded with application of irrigation at 15 days interval but higher dry matter /plant at 40 DAS was obtained with irrigation at 18 days interval. Yield attributes, seed yield (12.12 q/ha) and straw yield (18.43 q/ha) was recorded with irrigation at 15 days interval and remained at par with 18 days interval but the highest net return (Rs 41,565/ha) and B:C (2.27) was obtained with 18 days irrigation interval. The higher growth parameters, yield attributes, seed yield (12.48 q /ha), net return (Rs. 42,922/ha) and B:C (2.21) were obtained with application of 50 kg N and 25 kg P2O5 /ha. Crop geometry 30 x 10 cm resulted 9 % higher seed yield over 20 x10 cm. Thus, application of irrigation at 15 days interval with 50 kg N + 25 kg P2O5/ha at 30 x 10 cm crop geometry is better for realizing higher yields but higher net return and profitability in coriander production may be realized with application of irrigation at 18 days interval.Not Availabl

Moisture Dependent Physical Properties of Dill

Physical properties of dill (Anethum sowa Roxb) seeds were investigated as a function of moisture contents in the range of 4.85% to 24.81% (d.b.). Seed geometric parameters such as average length, width, thickness, geometric mean diameter, volume and seed surface area increased with increase in seed moisture; whereas sphericity remained unchanged. The 1000-seed mass increased linearly with increase in moisture. Bulk density and true density of dill seeds decreased with increase in seed moisture content from 4.85 to 24.81% (d.b). Porosity of seeds showed a decreasing trend with the increase in moisture content. The angle of repose, coefficients of static friction against different surfaces (plywood, mild steel, galvanized iron and glass) and terminal velocity increased with seed moisture

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.R. Singh, G.lal, R.S.Mehta, S.Choudhary and B.Singh, Published by Director NRCSS, Ajmer pp. 280-287Not AvailableNot Availabl

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Not AvailableThe biochemical basis of resistance in castor (Ricinus communis L.) to Fusarium wilt, caused by the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ricini, was investigated. Induction of plant defence against pathogen attack is regulated by a complex network of different signals. Thus changes in various biochemical defenses including antioxidant enzymes, phenolic compounds and pathogenesis related (PR) proteins were investigated in the roots of resistant and susceptible genotypes of castor at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h.a.i. Infection by F. oxysporum significantly increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX) activities in the roots of susceptible genotypes, while the catalase (CAT) activities were appreciably higher in the roots of resistant genotypes at different stages. Constitutive levels of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) were higher in the resistant genotypes. Also, the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and b 1, 3 glucanase significantly increased in the roots of the resistant genotypes after infections. The rate of increment of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was higher in resistant genotypes after infection. Analysis of isozyme banding pattern of SOD, POX, PPO and esterase on native PAGE electrophoresis revealed that interaction between plant and fungi invoked various isozymes at 48 h of infection. SOD 3 was observed only in resistant genotypes at 24 h.a.i. except Geeta. Similarly induction of POX 5 was observed only in resistant genotypes at 48 h of infection, though the intensity of POX 5 was very less.Not Availabl

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Book of Abstracts of National Seminar on Production, Productivity & Quality of Spices held on2-3 February,2013 and Published by Director, National Research Centre on Seed Spices, Ajmer Raj. PP. 1-216.Not AvailableNot Availabl

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Not AvailableThe study was conducted to reveal genetic variability among the released varieties of fenugreek from different regions of India using morphological and molecular markers. Seventeen varieties were evaluated for important characteristics like plant height, test weight, total weight, yield per plant, pod length, pod per plant, pod per axis, petiole length and 50% flowering. In this study, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to assess genetic diversity wherein fifteen polymorphic primers showed a 57.66% polymorphism. All the varieties were classified into two major clusters viz., cluster-I and cluster-II, cluster-I is further divided into five sub clusters containing twelve varieties namely Hisar Suvarna, Hisar Sonali, Rajendra Kranti, Hisar Mukta, Hisar Madhavi, AM-2, GM-2, AM-1, Azad Methi, CO-2, RMT-143 and RMT-351 showing genetic similarity irrespective of their geographical distribution. Cluster-II contains five varieties viz., Lam Selection, RMT-1, RMT- 305, RMT-303 and Pant Ragini. In morphological analysis few varieties did not follow the pattern of RAPD analysis indicating their phenotypic characters to be influenced by the environmental factors. Morphological dendrogram also showed two major clusters and Pant Ragini was found to branch out distinctly confirming its uniqueness from all other varieties.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableA laboratory study was conducted to determine the damage and reproductive potential of Lasioderma serricorne Fab. on some seed spice crops, viz., cumin, coriander, fennel, ajowan and dill at different storage conditions. The result showed that beetle causes huge storage losses which were maximum in fennel seed (58.02%) and minimum in dill seed (39.0%). Population growth was also related to damaging potential on different seed spices. Maximum population of insect was recorded in fennel seed and minimum in dill seed. In case of quarter monthly observation, maximum damage and reproduction was noticed in July to September and minimum in the month of January to March in seed of coriander, ajowan and cumin and April to June in case of fennel and dill.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableCoriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is an important seed spice crops belong to family Apiaceae. Rajasthan state cover maximum area and production of coriander in India. An experiment was conducted at NRC on Seed Spices on variety Ajmer Coriander-1 to study development of aphids, predators/parasitoides and pollinators complex at field level over the period of two year. Development of aphids, Hyadaphis coriandri (Das) population were recorded on crop form second week of December to March. Maximum population build up of aphids noticed during March month with highest average population (169.2 aphids umbel-1) of both year was observed in 11th standard week.Among natural enemies complex predator Coccinella and aphid parasitoides Aphidius spp. was most prominent. There were five species of Coccinella found predating on aphids. Other predators were shryphid fly and chrysoperla carnea but their population was noticed at very low numbers. Aphidius species was important aphids parasitoides recorded on the crop. Honey bee species, Aphis florea constitute major pollinator of coriander crops.Not Availabl