Primary Non-Hodgkin Uterine Lymphoma of the Cervix: A Literature Review

Introduction: Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) comprise 85% of the total lymphomas diagnosed, with the histological type of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) being the most prevalent in adults. In about 40% of cases, the location is extranodal. Uterine cervix lymphomas of this type are extremely rare (0.5–1.5%) and represent a diagnostic challenge. A case of DLBCL of the cervix is presented here along with a review of the literature. Materials and methods: A 75-year-old patient was referred with a bleeding vegetant tumour occupying her entire vagina. The histological and pathological investigations performed following the tumour biopsy indicated a malignant, diffuse, vaguely nodular lymphoid tumour proliferation. The immunohistochemistry results were in favour of a diffuse B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (DLBCL). CHOP (Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin (also called doxorubicin or adriamycin), Oncovin (vincristine), Prednisone or Prednisolone) polychemotherapy and radiotherapy were effective and resulted in tumour regression (from 3.4 cm to tumour disappearance, with the cervix returning to normal size). Conclusions: The uterine cervix lymphoma prognosis is more conservative than that for a nodal lymphoma, mainly due to a later diagnosis determined via immunohistochemistry. Chemotherapy is the main treatment

Specific Septic Complications after Rectal Cancer Surgery: A Critical Multicentre Study

The postoperative septic complications in gastrointestinal surgery impact immediate as well as long-term outcomes, which lead to reinterventions and additional costs. The authors presented the experience of three surgery clinics in Romania regarding the specific septic complications occurring in patients operated on for rectal cancer. The study group comprised 2674 patients who underwent surgery over a 5-year period (2017–2021). Neoplasms of the middle and lower rectum (76%) were the majority. There were 85% rectal resections and 15% abdominoperineal excisions of the rectum. In total, 68.54% of patients were operated on laparoscopically, and 31.46% received open surgery. Without taking wound infections into account, 97 (3.67%) patients had abdominal-pelvic septic complications. The aim was to evaluate the causes of the complications. The percentage of suppurations after surgery of the rectum treated by radiochemotherapy was considerably higher than after surgery of the non-radiated upper rectum. The fatality rate was 5.15%. The risk of fistulas was significantly associated with the preoperative treatment, tumour position and type of intervention. Sex, age, TNM stage or grade were not significant at 0.05 the threshold. The risk of fistulas is reduced with low anterior resection, but the gravity of these complications is higher in the lower rectum compared with the superior rectum. Preoperative radiochemotherapy is a contributing factor to septic complications

Correlation Studies between S100 Protein Level and Soluble MIA or Tissue MelanA and gp100 (HMB45) Expression in Cutaneous Melanoma

(1) Background: Cutaneous melanoma (CM) originates from melanocytes and causes 90% of skin cancer deaths; therefore, the comparison of different soluble and tissue markers could be valuable in the detection of melanoma progression and therapy monitoring. The present study is focused on the potential correlations between soluble S100B and MIA protein levels in different melanoma stages or with tissue expression of S100, gp100 (HMB45), and MelanA biomarkers. (2) Methods: Soluble S100B and MIA levels were evaluated by means of immunoassay methods in blood samples from 176 patients with CM, while tissue expressions of S100, MelanA, and gp100 (HMB45) were detected by means of immunohistochemistry in 76 melanomas. (3) Results: Soluble S100B correlated with MIA in stages III (r = 0.677, p r = 0.662, p r = 0.610, p r = 0.476, p r = 0.623, p 0.001). (4) Conclusions: Blood levels of S100B and MIA corroborated with melanoma tissue markers expression could help to improve the stratification process for patients with a high risk of tumor progression