Marriage Patterns in Mid- Nineteenth-Century New York State: a Multivariate Analysis

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/68158/2/10.1177_036319907800300105.pd

Douglas E. Mitchell , Robert L. Crowson , and Dorothy Shipps , eds. Shaping Education Policy: Power and Process . New York : Routledge , 2011 . 312 pp. Cloth 155.00,Paper155.00, Paper 47.95.

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/92423/1/hoeq411.pd

Have Social Historians Lost the Civil War? Some Preliminary Demographic Speculations

Also CSST Working Paper #7.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/51126/1/358.pd

An "Epidemic" of Adolescent Pregnancy? Some Historical Considerations

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/67008/2/10.1177_036319908100600206.pd

Abortion and the Presidential Election of 1976: A Multivariate Analysis of Voting Behavior

Despite the widespread public interest in the role of the abortion controversy in American politics today, no one has attempted to analyze systematically its impact on the electorate. Some national opinion surveys have asked voters whether or not they would be influenced by a candidate\u27s position on abortion, but they have not attempted to ascertain its relative importance, compared to other considerations, in the final deliberations of the electorate. In an effort to provide a more systematic study of the role of abortion in American politics today, this Article analyzes the campaign to elect the President of the United States in 1976. In particular, it studies the coverage of abortion by the news media, its importance in public opinion polls taken during the campaign, and its relative impact on voters on November 2, 1976, using multivariate analysis and survey research data

Problems and opportunities in the use of individual and aggregate level census data

Der Autor stellt die Möglichkeiten und Probleme dar, die sich bei der Arbeit mit den amerikanischen Volkszählungsdaten des 19. Jahrhunderts ergeben. Beschrieben wird die Entwicklung der Volkszählung in den USA seit 1790, der Wandel in den Erhebungsmethoden und den Auswertungen. Im zweiten Schritt werden Probleme und Forschungsziele bei der Arbeit mit aggregierten Daten dargestellt. Ein Hauptmangel ist hier die mangelhafte Berücksichtigung von Datenzusammenhängen. Die zweite Art der historischen Arbeit mit den Volkszählungsdaten ist die individualisierende Forschung, die zumeist bezogen auf einzelne Städte angewandt wird. Hier sind die Probleme des Datenmaterials noch gravierender, und es wurde bisher versäumt, solche Erhebungen für vergleichende Untersuchungen zu nutzen. Der Autor stellt eigene Projekte vor und erläutert daran die Schwierigkeiten der Quellenaufarbeitung. (BG

The Politics of Abortion in the House of Representatives in 1976

The battle over federal funds for abortions and the attempts to pass a constitutional amendment to prohibit all abortions have become annual events that most members of Congress privately dread but publicly welcome. As pro-life and pro-choice constituents descend upon their elected officials each year, representatives are forced to face an issue that has no easy legislative solution. Despite the intensity and disruptiveness of these confrontations, there have been no thorough and independent analyses of this phenomenon. Instead, most information on the abortion controversy in Congress has come from the understandably biased pens of the activists on both sides. Representatives and other policy makers are forced to make their decisions without fully understanding the political dynamics of the issue. This Article will try to remedy that lack of analysis by investigating the enactment by the House of restrictions on federal abortion funding. I will first describe the debates that preceded three important votes on abortion; I will then analyze those votes using multivariate statistical analysis

From Household Size to the Life Course

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66696/2/10.1177_000276427702100207.pd

Methylation protects microRNAs from an AGO1- associated activity that uridylates 5′ RNA fragments generated by AGO1 cleavage

In plants, methylation catalyzed by HEN1 (small RNA methyl transferase) prevents microRNAs (miRNAs) from degradation triggered by uridylation. Howmethylation antagonizes uridylation of miRNAs in vivo is not well understood. In addition, 5′ RNA fragments (5′ fragments) produced by miRNA-mediated RNA cleavage can be uridylated in plants and animals. However, the biological significance of this modification is unknown, and enzymes uridylating 5′ fragments remain to be identified. Here, we report that in Arabidopsis, HEN1 suppressor 1 (HESO1, a miRNA nucleotidyl transferase) uridylates 5′ fragments to trigger their degradation.We also show that Argonaute 1 (AGO1), the effector protein of miRNAs, interacts with HESO1 through its Piwi/Argonaute/Zwille and PIWI domains, which bind the 3′ end of miRNA and cleave the target mRNAs, respectively. Furthermore, HESO1 is able to uridylate AGO1-bound miRNAs in vitro. miRNA uridylation in vivo requires a functional AGO1 in hen1, in which miRNA methylation is impaired, demonstrating that HESO1 can recognize its substrates in the AGO1 complex. On the basis of these results, we propose that methylation is required to protect miRNAs from AGO1-associated HESO1 activity that normally uridylates 5′ fragments