Comparing electricity transitions:

AbstractThis paper contributes to understanding national variations in using low-carbon electricity sources by comparing the evolution of nuclear, wind and solar power in Germany and Japan. It develops and applies a framework for analyzing low-carbon electricity transitions based on interplay of techno-economic, political and socio-technical processes. We explain why in the 1970s–1980s, the energy paths of the two countries were remarkably similar, but since the 1990s Germany has become a leader in renewables while phasing out nuclear energy, whereas Japan has deployed less renewables while becoming a leader in nuclear power. We link these differences to the faster growth of electricity demand and energy insecurity in Japan, the easier diffusion of onshore wind power technology and the weakening of the nuclear power regime induced by stagnation and competition from coal and renewables in Germany. We show how these changes involve the interplay of five distinct mechanisms which may also play a role in other energy transitions

Comparing electricity transitions: A historical analysis of nuclear, wind and solar power in Germany and Japan

This paper contributes to understanding national variations in using low-carbon electricity sources by comparing the evolution of nuclear, wind and solar power in Germany and Japan. It develops and applies a framework for analyzing low-carbon electricity transitions based on interplay of techno-economic, political and socio-technical processes. We explain why in the 1970s–1980s, the energy paths of the two countries were remarkably similar, but since the 1990s Germany has become a leader in renewables while phasing out nuclear energy, whereas Japan has deployed less renewables while becoming a leader in nuclear power. We link these differences to the faster growth of electricity demand and energy insecurity in Japan, the easier diffusion of onshore wind power technology and the weakening of the nuclear power regime induced by stagnation and competition from coal and renewables in Germany. We show how these changes involve the interplay of five distinct mechanisms which may also play a role in other energy transitions

Optimization of the functional state of the cardiovascular system in women with a complex of dosage physical exertion

In the second mature age, women increase the prevalence of arterial hypertension, often complicating hypertensive crises. This circumstance requires improving the recovery options for this category of patients. It seems very promising to be used for this in women with arterial hypertension regular physical exertion for the purpose of their overall recovery, reducing the level of blood pressure and the prevention of hypertensive crise

Physiological features of the cardiovascular system in hypertensive men under conditions of regular physical activity

In modern society, men often have arterial hypertension at the beginning of adulthood, which can progress rapidly and be complicated by thrombosis. It becomes necessary to improve the process of physical rehabilitation of hypertensive men of mature age. For this purpose, in men diagnosed with arterial hypertension, various schemes of systematic muscle activity are use

Wheat landraces as sources of high grain quality and nutritional properties

Background. Improving the grain quality of modern spring bread wheat cultivars is a highly relevant task of breeding. To solve this problem, old and local wheat varieties (landraces) are of considerable interest. A rich collection of them is available among the plant genetic resources preserved at VIR. With this in view, the aim of this research was to identify sources of high protein, gluten, macro- and micronutrient content out of the landraces from the VIR collection for improvement of wheat grain quality through breeding.Materials and methods. Field and laboratory research were conducted in the experimental field of Omsk State Agrarian University under the conditions of the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia in 2020–2021. Sowing was carried out on fallow on conventional sowing dates. Mineral composition in the grain of the studied landraces was analyzed at the Kurchatov Genomic Center, Novosibirsk, using atomic absorption spectrometry techniques.Results. The research results showed that landraces from different regions of Russia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan were characterized by high levels of protein (18.4–18.8%) and gluten (35.9–36.0%) in grain. Landraces from Kazakhstan had low Zn content (on average 38.3 mg/kg), while those from Kyrgyzstan, on the contrary, had high content of Zn (41.9 mg/kg) and Fe (55.1 mg/kg), and landraces from Tajikistan had high K content (3820 mg/kg). A positive relationship between the concentrations of Mg, Mn, Fe, and Zn was found in the grain of wheat landraces.Conclusion. Wheat landraces are of interest as genetic resources for the development of high-protein cultivars with improved nutritional value of grain for the milling and breadmaking industries

On the political feasibility of climate change mitigation pathways: Is it too late to keep warming below 1.5°C?

Keeping global warming below 1.5°C is technically possible but is it politically feasible? Understanding political feasibility requires answering three questions: (a) “Feasibility of what?,” (b) “Feasibility when and where?,” and (c) “Feasibility for whom?.” In relation to the 1.5°C target, these questions translate into (a) identifying specific actions comprising the 1.5°C pathways; (b) assessing the economic and political costs of these actions in different socioeconomic and political contexts; and (c) assessing the economic and institutional capacity of relevant social actors to bear these costs. This view of political feasibility stresses costs and capacities in contrast to the prevailing focus on benefits and motivations which mistakes desirability for feasibility. The evidence on the political feasibility of required climate actions is not systematic, but clearly indicates that the costs of required actions are too high in relation to capacities to bear these costs in relevant contexts. In the future, costs may decline and capacities may increase which would reduce political constraints for at least some solutions. However, this is unlikely to happen in time to avoid a temperature overshoot. Further research should focus on exploring the “dynamic political feasibility space” constrained by costs and capacities in order to find more feasible pathways to climate stabilization. This article is categorized under: The Carbon Economy and Climate Mitigation > Decarbonizing Energy and/or Reducing Demand

EXCHANGE ENHANCEMENT OF THE ELECTRON G-FACTOR IN InGaAs/InAlAs METAMORPHIC HETEROSTRUCTURES WITH A HIGH InAs CONTENT

Magnetotransport in InGaAs/InAlAs heterostructures in tilted magnetic field is studied. It is shown that the value of the g* factor increases with an increase in the InAs content and the dependence of the g* factor on magnetic field is also revealed.Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания по теме «Электрон» Г.р. № 122021000039-4

Tactics for foreign bodies of the upper departments of the gastrointestinal tract in children, conservative tendency

The problem of swallowing foreign bodies by children of different ages has always been one of the cornerstones of the endoscopic service. On the one hand, it requires the immediate action of an endoscopic diagnostic doctor, for the earliest possible and safe removal of a foreign body to prevent possible complications and assess the damage that could have been caused by the latter. On the other hand, hasty endoscopy without proper preparation can do more harm than good for the patient, since not all foreign bodies swallowed by children are easily accessible for immediate removal. in our article, we want to share the experience of providing endoscopic care to children using the example of the Department of Ultrasound, Endoscopic and Functional Diagnostics of MAU DGKB No 9 in Yekaterinburg, and to demonstrate our achievements in minimizing the negative consequences of swallowing foreign bodies by children.Проблема проглатывания инородных тел детьми разного возраста всегда была одним из краеугольных камней эндоскопической службы [6]. С одной стороны, она требует немедленных действий врача эндоскописта, для максимально раннего и безопасного извлечения инородного тела для профилактики возможных осложнений и оценки повреждений, которые могли бы быть спровоцированы последним [5,6]. С другой стороны, поспешная эндоскопия без должной подготовки может нанести больше вреда, чем пользы пациенту, так как не все проглоченные детьми инородные тела легкодоступны к немедленному извлечению [6,14,15,16,17]. в нашей статье мы хотим поделиться опытом оказания эндоскопической помощи детям на примере отделения ультразвуковой, эндоскопической и функциональной диагностики МАУ ДГКБ №9 г. Екатеринбург, и продемонстрировать наши достижения в минимизации негативных последствий проглатывания инородных тел детьми