7,276 research outputs found
Grid classes and the Fibonacci dichotomy for restricted permutations
We introduce and characterise grid classes, which are natural generalisations
of other well-studied permutation classes. This characterisation allows us to
give a new, short proof of the Fibonacci dichotomy: the number of permutations
of length n in a permutation class is either at least as large as the nth
Fibonacci number or is eventually polynomial
An operational and institutional modular analysis framework of Transmission and System Operator Why Transmission and System Operators are not ideal ones
Transmission and System Operator (TSO) is the power flows externality market designer. And so, not only is TSO a module of power markets but its missions that are related to the management of power flows can also be studied thanks to a modular analysis. An ideal first-best TSO can then emerge as a benchmark for comparison with real TSOs. The governance structure of TSO accounts for the gap between such an ideal first-best and real TSOs. Then, although the economic theory specifies a unique arrangement to reach efficiency, the diversity of transmission governance accounts for the diversity of arrangements to manage power flows. Moreover the comparison between an ideal first-best TSO and two reference TSOs, PJM and NGC, with quite opposite features accounts for heterogeneous results among TSOs.TSO;institutional complementarity;modular analysis; congestion
Posterior concentration rates for empirical Bayes procedures, with applications to Dirichlet Process mixtures
In this paper we provide general conditions to check on the model and the
prior to derive posterior concentration rates for data-dependent priors (or
empirical Bayes approaches). We aim at providing conditions that are close to
the conditions provided in the seminal paper by Ghosal and van der Vaart
(2007a). We then apply the general theorem to two different settings: the
estimation of a density using Dirichlet process mixtures of Gaussian random
variables with base measure depending on some empirical quantities and the
estimation of the intensity of a counting process under the Aalen model. A
simulation study for inhomogeneous Poisson processes also illustrates our
results. In the former case we also derive some results on the estimation of
the mixing density and on the deconvolution problem. In the latter, we provide
a general theorem on posterior concentration rates for counting processes with
Aalen multiplicative intensity with priors not depending on the data.Comment: With supplementary materia
Single Event Effects in CMOS Image Sensors
In this work, 3T Active Pixel Sensors (APS) are exposed to heavy ions (N, Ar, Kr, Xe), and Single Event Effects (SEE) are studied. Devices were fully functional during exposure, no Single Event Latch-up (SEL) or Single Event Functional Interrupt (SEFI) happened. However Single Event Transient (SET) effects happened on frames: line disturbances, and half or full circular clusters of white pixels. The collection of charges in cluster was investigated with arrays of two pixel width (7 and 10 \textmu{}m), with bulk and epitaxial substrates. This paper shows technological and design parameters involved in the transient events. It also shows that STARDUST simulation software can predict cluster obtained for bulk substrate devices. However, the discrepancies in epitaxial layer devices are large - which shows the need for an improved model
Sensitivity analysis of a branching process evolving on a network with application in epidemiology
We perform an analytical sensitivity analysis for a model of a
continuous-time branching process evolving on a fixed network. This allows us
to determine the relative importance of the model parameters to the growth of
the population on the network. We then apply our results to the early stages of
an influenza-like epidemic spreading among a set of cities connected by air
routes in the United States. We also consider vaccination and analyze the
sensitivity of the total size of the epidemic with respect to the fraction of
vaccinated people. Our analysis shows that the epidemic growth is more
sensitive with respect to transmission rates within cities than travel rates
between cities. More generally, we highlight the fact that branching processes
offer a powerful stochastic modeling tool with analytical formulas for
sensitivity which are easy to use in practice.Comment: 17 pages (30 with SI), Journal of Complex Networks, Feb 201
Cardiovascular Disease in the Active Service: Incidence Rates and Implications for Intervention
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of death in the United States. Common risk factors associated with CVD are obesity, hypertension, alcohol use, tobacco use, unhealthy diet, and physical inactivity. Other factors such as genetics, race, age, and gender also play a role in the development of CVD. Based on current literature, the increasing trend of obesity impacts even active-duty military service members who are paid to maintain their physical fitness. Due to the lack of literature surrounding incidences of CVDs in active service members, the present study provides insight into this topic. The present research conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Defense Medical Epidemiological Database to examine incidence rate trends of various CVDs and demographics among active service members between 2016 and 2021. The average incidence rates of CVDs in active service members decreased except for Angina. Specifically, Aortic Aneurysm and tear, atherosclerosis, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, and heart attack incidences decreased (-31.94%, -29.91%, -19.58%, -9.36%, and -3.49%, respectively). However, incidences of Angina increased by 14.77%. The majority of CVDs were most frequently diagnosed among the demographics, senior commissioned officers, \u3e40 in age, black, and married status. The decrease in incidences of CVDs warrants further investigation into the explanations for this decline and continuing implementations of the interventions impacting CVDs among service members.
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, military, active duty service members, obesity, risk factor
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