Oxidative stress in sickle cell anemia can be a prognostic marker for disease severity: A case − control study in the western region population of Maharashtra

CONTEXT: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) or sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder characterized primarily by chronic anemia and periodic episodes of pain. There are reports that increase in oxidative stress may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of SCA. AIM: The present study aims to investigate enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant status in SCA patients to understand the incidence of increased oxidative stress in the populace of tribal Palghar region of Western Maharashtra. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Patients with SCA (n = 250) and age- and sex-matched healthy persons (n = 250) as controls from the primary health center of Palghar were included in this study. Informed written consent was obtained from all the participants. RESULTS: Activities of enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-trasferase, catalase, and level of nonenzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione, Vitamin E and C decreased significantly in SCA participants when compared to controls. The level of lipid peroxides and activity of superoxide dismutase increased significantly above normal in SCA participants. SCA is characterized by the increased generation of reactive-oxygen species resulting in oxidative damage of various cell types, including erythrocytes and this chronically elevated oxidative stress in SCD might play a significant role in the increased autoxidation of Sickle hemoglobin (HbS), increased intravascular hemolysis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and chronic inflammatory complications. CONCLUSION: The present study indicates that oxidative stress can be considered one of the prognostic markers to evaluate the clinical severity of the SCA participants

Efficient Location Finding with Text Based Keyword Searching System

ABSTRACT: Many search modules area unit won't to search something from anywhere; this method is employed to quick nearest neighbour search exploitation keyword. Existing work usually specialise in finding top-k Nearest Neighbours.It doesn't take into account the density of knowledge objects within the spatial area. Conjointly these strategies area unit low efficient for progressive question. however in meant system, for instance once there's seek for nearest eating place, rather than considering all the hotels, a nearest neighbour question would elicit the eating place that's, nearest among those whose menus contain spicy, hard liquor all at constant time, resolution to such queries is predicated on the IR2-tree, however IR2-tree having some drawbacks. IR2-tree contains Signature file due to its conservative nature may lead to some search result that only contains single keyword result Efficiency of IR2-tree badly is wedged attributable to some drawbacks in it. Thespatial inverted index is that the technique which is able to be the answer for this drawback