251 research outputs found
Statics and Dynamics of Dimensionally and Spatially Constrained Oxides. Summary Progress Report Submitted to Department of Energy Basic Energy Science Division. Division of Materials Science & Engineering.
Work is reported on nanopatterning of ceramic oxides; microstructure tailoring, control and versatility of nanopatterned oxides; and characterization and localized properties of nanopatterned oxides
Iterative Phase Retrieval Algorithms for Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy
Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has been extensively used
for imaging complex materials down to atomic resolution. The most commonly
employed STEM imaging modality of annular dark field produces
easily-interpretable contrast, but is dose-inefficient and produces little to
no contrast for light elements and weakly-scattering samples. An alternative is
to use phase contrast STEM imaging, enabled by high speed detectors able to
record full images of a diffracted STEM probe over a grid of scan positions.
Phase contrast imaging in STEM is highly dose-efficient, able to measure the
structure of beam-sensitive materials and even biological samples. Here, we
comprehensively describe the theoretical background, algorithmic implementation
details, and perform both simulated and experimental tests for three iterative
phase retrieval STEM methods: focused-probe differential phase contrast,
defocused-probe parallax imaging, and a generalized ptychographic gradient
descent method implemented in two and three dimensions. We discuss the
strengths and weaknesses of each of these approaches using a consistent
framework to allow for easier comparison. This presentation of STEM phase
retrieval methods will make these methods more approachable, reproducible and
more readily adoptable for many classes of samples.Comment: 25 pages, 11 figures, 1 tabl
High Thermoelectric Performance in Supersaturated Solid Solutions and Nanostructured nâ Type PbTeâ GeTe
Sbâ doped and GeTeâ alloyed nâ type thermoelectric materials that show an excellent figure of merit ZT in the intermediate temperature range (400â 800 K) are reported. The synergistic effect of favorable changes to the band structure resulting in high Seebeck coefficient and enhanced phonon scattering by point defects and nanoscale precipitates resulting in reduction of thermal conductivity are demonstrated. The samples can be tuned as singleâ phase solid solution (SS) or twoâ phase system with nanoscale precipitates (Nano) based on the annealing processes. The GeTe alloying results in band structure modification by widening the bandgap and increasing the densityâ ofâ states effective mass of PbTe, resulting in significantly enhanced Seebeck coefficients. The nanoscale precipitates can improve the power factor in the low temperature range and further reduce the lattice thermal conductivity (κlat). Specifically, the Seebeck coefficient of Pb0.988Sb0.012Teâ 13%GeTeâ Nano approaches â 280 µV Kâ 1 at 673 K with a low κlat of 0.56 W mâ 1 Kâ 1 at 573 K. Consequently, a peak ZT value of 1.38 is achieved at 623 K. Moreover, a high average ZTavg value of â 1.04 is obtained in the temperature range from 300 to 773 K for nâ type Pb0.988Sb0.012Teâ 13%GeTeâ Nano.Both supersaturated solid solutions and nanostructured nâ type Pb1â xGexTe systems with excellent thermoelectric performance can be prepared via a nonequilibrium process. The nanostructured sample enhances the figure of merit ZT via reducing the lattice thermal conductivity. A ZTavg of â 1.04 is obtained, which is among the highest ZTavg values for nâ type PbTe materials reported so far.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145314/1/adfm201801617-sup-0001-S1.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145314/2/adfm201801617.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145314/3/adfm201801617_am.pd
- …