606 research outputs found
Pattern formation in weakly damped parametric surface waves driven by two frequency components
A quasi-potential approximation to the Navier-Stokes equation for low
viscosity fluids is developed to study pattern formation in parametric surface
waves driven by a force that has two frequency components. A bicritical line
separating regions of instability to either one of the driving frequencies is
explicitly obtained, and compared with experiments involving a frequency ratio
of 1/2. The procedure for deriving standing wave amplitude equations valid near
onset is outlined for an arbitrary frequency ratio following a multiscale
asymptotic expansion of the quasi-potential equations. Explicit results are
presented for subharmonic response to a driving force of frequency ratio 1/2,
and used to study pattern selection. Even though quadratic terms are prohibited
in this case, hexagonal or triangular patterns are found to be stable in a
relatively large parameter region, a fact that is in qualitative agreement with
experimental results.Comment: LaTeX (Journal of Fluid Mechanics style), 8 figure
Coarse-grained description of thermo-capillary flow
A mesoscopic or coarse-grained approach is presented to study
thermo-capillary induced flows. An order parameter representation of a
two-phase binary fluid is used in which the interfacial region separating the
phases naturally occupies a transition zone of small width. The order parameter
satisfies the Cahn-Hilliard equation with advective transport. A modified
Navier-Stokes equation that incorporates an explicit coupling to the order
parameter field governs fluid flow. It reduces, in the limit of an infinitely
thin interface, to the Navier-Stokes equation within the bulk phases and to two
interfacial forces: a normal capillary force proportional to the surface
tension and the mean curvature of the surface, and a tangential force
proportional to the tangential derivative of the surface tension. The method is
illustrated in two cases: thermo-capillary migration of drops and phase
separation via spinodal decomposition, both in an externally imposed
temperature gradient.Comment: To appear in Phys. Fluids. Also at
http://www.scri.fsu.edu/~vinals/dj1.p
Flow induced by a randomly vibrating boundary
We study the flow induced by random vibration of a solid boundary in an
otherwise quiescent fluid. The analysis is motivated by experiments conducted
under the low level and random effective acceleration field that is typical of
a microgravity environment. When the boundary is planar and is being vibrated
along its own plane, the variance of the velocity field decays as a power law
of distance away from the boundary. If a low frequency cut-off is introduced in
the power spectrum of the boundary velocity, the variance decays exponentially
for distances larger than a Stokes layer thickness based on the cut-off
frequency. Vibration of a gently curved boundary results in steady streaming in
the ensemble average of the tangential velocity. Its amplitude diverges
logarithmically with distance away from the boundary, but asymptotes to a
constant value instead if a low frequency cut-off is considered. This steady
component of the velocity is shown to depend logarithmically on the cut-off
frequency. Finally, we consider the case of a periodically modulated solid
boundary that is being randomly vibrated. We find steady streaming in the
ensemble average of the first order velocity, with flow extending up to a
characteristic distance of the order of the boundary wavelength. The structure
of the flow in the vicinity of the boundary depends strongly on the correlation
time of the boundary velocity.Comment: 26 pages, 8 figures. Journal of Fluid Mechanics format (JFM.cls
Strategy an tactics of monetary policy: examples from Europe and the Antipodes
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