Tatars names as a phenomenon of traditional culture

This paper studies alinguisticand cultural description of the vocabularyof theTatarlanguageassociatedwiththeriteofnaming. This ritual of the Tatars attracts the attention of researchers from different fields. In the present study, the results of studies of ethnographers, historians, dialectologists, where the features of the ritual with the object of revelation of national specifics are used. The authors of the article suggest an analysis of the concepts associated with the ritual of naming the Tatars. This rite has a deep content that includes both national and religious worldviews. The semantics of phraseological units, lexical units used in describing the rite, emphasize the ancient rite, the complexity of its formation and diversity, depending on ethnic groups.Despite the fact that the Tatar people went through various historical events, he managed to preserve the value of the phenomenon in the Soviet era. When collecting and systematizingthe materials, descriptive method, method of continuous sampling, exico-semantic method, methods of linguocultural, component and semantic analysis were used to expose the cognitive features of the functioning of linguistic units.In order to reveal the specifics of the reflection of the content of the ritual on the linguistic material, the materials from explanatory, dialectological, phraseological dictionaries were selected and analyzed

The "Horizon-T" Experiment: Extensive Air Showers Detection

Horizon-T is an innovative detector system constructed to study Extensive Air Showers (EAS) in the energy range above 10^16 eV coming from a wide range of zenith angles (0 - 85 degrees). The system is located at Tien Shan high-altitude Science Station of Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences at approximately 3340 meters above the sea level. It consists of eight charged particle detection points separated by the distance up to one kilometer as well as optical detector subsystem to view the Vavilov-Cerenkov light from the EAS. The time resolution of charged particles and Vavilov-Cerenkov light photons passage of the detector system is a few ns. This level of resolution allows conducting research of atmospheric development of individual EAS.Comment: Initial technical note for Horizon-T experiment, updated with recent detector upgrades, 11/2016. Updated 12/2017 with minor edits. Large upgrade will be in another articl

Biodegradable hydrogels based on chitosan and pectin for cisplatin delivery

Preparation of stable hydrogels using physically (electrostatically) interacting charge-complementary polyelectrolyte chains seems to be more attractive from a practical point of view than the use of organic crosslinking agents. In this work natural polyelectrolytes—chitosan and pectin—were used, due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. The biodegradability of hydrogels is confirmed by experiments with hyaluronidase as an enzyme. It has been shown that the use of pectins with different molecular weights makes it possible to prepare hydrogels with different rheological characteristics and swelling kinetics. These polyelectrolyte hydrogels loaded with cytostatic cisplatin as a model drug provide an opportunity for its prolonged release, which is important for therapy. The drug release is regulated to a certain extent by the choice of hydrogel composition. The developed systems can potentially improve the effects of cancer treatment due to the prolonged release of cytostatic cisplatin

The “Horizon-T” Experiment: Extensive Air Showers Detection

Horizon - T is a n innovative detector system constructed to study Extensive Air Showers (EAS) in the energy range above 10 16 eV coming from a wide range of zenith angles (0 o - 85 o ). The system is located at Tien Shan high - altitude Science Station of Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences at approximately 3340 meters above the sea level. It consists of eight charged particle detection points separated by the distance up to one kilometer as well as optical detector subsystem to view the Vavilov - Cherenkov light from the EAS. The time resolution of charged particles and Vavilov - Cherenkov light photons passage of the detector system is a few ns. This level of resolution allows conducting research of atmos pheric development of individual EAS

The use of ultraviolet irradiation for hygienic care of removable prosthetic constructions

Due to the fact that existing methods of processing dentures, or are not effective or expensive, we have begun studies to determine if the use of ultraviolet radiation for hygienic care of removable prosthetic constructions. Our studies are aimed at creating a simple, reliable and cost-effective algorithm for the care of dentures. To do this, it was decided to investigate the effect of ultraviolet irradiation on the microflora, colonizing removable orthotic design dental patients. As the test material was used to scrape the gum surface structures before and after UV irradiation. We found that on removable prosthetic constructions are found staphylococci, streptococci, protozoa, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, yeast-like fungi. After UV denture for 1 hour in 60% of the observed effect of sterilization. In 40% of the flora on the prosthesis is stored and presented to yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida and Neisseria spp. In this regard, we plan to develop a phased cleaning and sterilization of orthopedic construction with UV.В связи с тем, что существующие методы обработки зубных протезов или мало эффективны или дорогостоящи, мы начали исследования по определению возможности использования ультрафиолетового излучения для гигиенического ухода за съемными ортопедическими конструкциями. Наши исследования нацелены на создание простого, надежного и экономически выгодного алгоритма ухода за протезами. Для этого решено было исследовать действие УФО на микрофлору, колонизирующую съемные ортопедические конструкции стоматологических пациентов. В качестве исследуемого материала был использован соскоб с десневой поверхности конструкции до и после УФ облучения. Нами обнаружено, что на съемных ортопедических конструкциях встречаются стафилококки, стрептококки, нейссерии, синегнойная палочка, дрожжеподобные грибы. После УФО зубного протеза в течение 1 часа в 60% случаев наблюдается эффект стерилизации. В 40% случаев флора на протезе сохраняется и представлена дрожжеподобными грибами рода Candida и Neisseria spp. В связи с этим, планируется разработка поэтапной очистки и стерилизации ортопедической конструкции с применением УФО

Tatars names as a phenomenon of traditional culture

This paper studies alinguisticand cultural description of the vocabularyof theTatarlanguageassociatedwiththeriteofnaming. This ritual of the Tatars attracts the attention of researchers from different fields. In the present study, the results of studies of ethnographers, historians, dialectologists, where the features of the ritual with the object of revelation of national specifics are used. The authors of the article suggest an analysis of the concepts associated with the ritual of naming the Tatars. This rite has a deep content that includes both national and religious worldviews. The semantics of phraseological units, lexical units used in describing the rite, emphasize the ancient rite, the complexity of its formation and diversity, depending on ethnic groups.Despite the fact that the Tatar people went through various historical events, he managed to preserve the value of the phenomenon in the Soviet era. When collecting and systematizingthe materials, descriptive method, method of continuous sampling, exico-semantic method, methods of linguocultural, component and semantic analysis were used to expose the cognitive features of the functioning of linguistic units.In order to reveal the specifics of the reflection of the content of the ritual on the linguistic material, the materials from explanatory, dialectological, phraseological dictionaries were selected and analyzed

PROSPECTS OF SURFACTANTS OF MICROBIAL ORIGIN IN THE MEDICINAL AND COSMETIC PRODUCTS

PROSPECTS OF SURFACTANTS OF MICROBIAL ORIGIN IN THE MEDICINAL AND COSMETIC PRODUCTSI. R. Pelekh1, S. B. Bilous1, R. I. Vildanova2, O. M. Shulha21Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University2Department of Physical Chemistry of Fossil Fuels InPOCC, NAS of Ukraine, LvivIntroduction. In recent years there is a steady trend towards production of drugs for skin application and cosmetic products with a high content of aqueous phase, protein, natural lipid components and extracts (gels, moistening creams, cosmetic milk and others). However, these products require the use of significant amounts of auxiliary components such as emulsifiers, solubilizers and preservatives, because they are favorable environment for the development of micro-organisms that can cause diseases of skin and mucous membranes. So important is the search for new effective emulsifiers and preservatives for use in the medicinal and cosmetic products that also would not toxic, not allergenic namely safe for humans.Investigation methods. In the arrticle the methods of information research, literature data analysis and marketing research were used.  Results and discussion. In recent decades a new class of products of microbial synthes is being actively researched  - biogenic surfactants or biosurfactants. Biosurfactants have the same physical and chemical properties as synthetic surfactants: the value of critical micelle concentration, hydrophilic-lipophilic balance, surface and interfacial tension, and others are known.Among the biosurfactants ramnolipides are the most effective, synthesized by the genus Pseudomonas and widely distributed in nature due to their ability to absorb a variety of substrates and grow in different environmental conditions.Due to its molecular structure and, consequently, physical and chemical properties, ramnolipides can be widely used: for both new and to improve existing drugs for agriculture, cosmetics and medicine. Biosurfactants can be used as independent agents, as well as for creation of complex drugs with improved functional characteristics.To date in medicine and cosmetics biosurfactants almost are not apply, but positive results, obtained in different laboratories around the world, give the reason to consider them as a replacement for synthetic surfactants. Due to the wide range of biological properties such as antimicrobial, antifungal, antivirus, antiadhezive and  emulsifying  biosurfactants have prospects for obtaining new effective medicines and cosmetics.Conclusions. A variety of physical, chemical and biological properties of biogenic surfactants determines the prospects of their research as safe for human emulsifiers, stabilizers and preservatives in compositions of medicinal and cosmetic products. ReferencesWalters Y. Dermatologic, cosmeceutic and cosmetic development / Edit. Y.Walters. – 2008. – 644 p.Walters K. Dermatological and transdermal formulations / Edited by Kenneth A.Walters. – NewYork-London. – 2007. – 565 p.Nastanova 42-3.1:2004. Nastanovy  z  jakosti. Likars'ki zasoby. Farmacevtychna rozrobka. - Kyiv, 2004. – 15 s.Praktykum z tekhnologii  likars'kykh kosmetychnykh zasobiv / T.H.Kalynyuk, E.V.Bokshan, S.B.Bilous [ta in.]. - K.: Medycyna, 2008 . - 184 s.Tekhnologіa kosmetychnykh zasobіv: Navch. posіbnyk dlia stud. farmac. spec. vyshch. navch. zaklad. /O.H.Bashura, N.P.Polovko, T.M.Koval'ova [ta іn]. - Vіnnycia: Nova knyha, 2007. – 360s.Toksykologіchna khіmіa kharchovykh produktіv ta kosmetychnykh zasobіv /S.A.Voronov, JU.B.Stecishin, Ju.V.Panchenko, V.P.Vasyl'ev – L.: Vydavnyctvo L'vіvs'koi  polіtekhnіky, 2010. – 316 s.Dmytruk S.I. Farmacevticheskaja i medicinskaja kosmetologija: Uchebnik. – Tomsk: Izd-vo NTL, 2005. – 180 s.Parkinson M. Biosurfactants / M. Parkinson  // Biotech. Advs. – 1985. - Vol.3. - P.65-83.Sim L. Production and characterization of a biosurfactant isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa UW-1 / L. Sim, O.P. Ward, Zy. Li // J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. – 1997. – Vol. 19. – P. 232-238.Physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of new rhamnolipid produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa AT10 from soybean oil refinery wastes / A.Abalos, A.Pinazo, M.R. Infante [et al.] // Langmuir. – 2001. – Vol. 17, № 5. – P. 1367–1371.Microbial biosurfactants production, applications and future potential / I.M.Banat, I.Franzetti, A.Gandolfi [et. al.] // Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. – 2010. – Vol. 87. – P.427-444.Interference in adhesion of bacteria and yeasts isolated from explanted voice prosthe-ses to silicone rubber by rhamnosolipid biosurfactants / L. R.Rodrigues, I. M.Banat, van der Mei H. C. [et al.] // J. Appl. Microbiol. — 2006. — Vol. 100, N 3. — P. 470-480.Singh P. Potential applications of microbial surfactants in biomedical sciences / P.Singh, S.Cameotra // Trend. Biotechol. — 2004. — V. 22, N 3. — P. 142-146.Das P. Antimicrobial potential of a lipopeptide biosurfactant derived from a marine Bacillus circulans / P.Das, S.Mukherjee, R.Sen // J. Appl. Microbiol. — 2008. — Vol. 104, N 6. — P. 1675-1684.Haddad N. I. Isolation and characterization of a biosurfactant producing strain, Brevibacilis brevis HOB1 / N. I.Haddad, J.Wang, B.Mu // J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. — 2008. — Vol. 35, N 12. — P. 1597-1604.Joshi S. Production of biosurfactant and antifungal compound by fermented food isolate Bacillus subtilis 20B / S.Joshi, C.Bharucha, A J. Desai // Bioresour. Technol. — 2008. — Vol. 99, N 11. — P.4603-4608.Grover M. Molecular and biochemical approaches for characterization of antifungal trait of a potent biocontrol agent Bacillus subtilis RP24 / M.Grover, L.Nain, S. B.Singh [et al.] // Curr. 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Biosurfactant-Enhanced Remediation of Oil-Contaminated Environments

The development of new efficient cleaning technologies for the bioremediation of the environment and its cleaning from oil products has become a subject of great interest. Surfactants influence the bioremediation of oil and other organic contaminants through increasing their availability. Since surfactant products of a microbial nature are highly efficient in this respect, they have important advantages over synthetic materials. Being biodegradable, they are ecologically safe. A new washing bioremedy based on surfactant products synthesized microbially from the bacterial strain Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 has been obtained. It contains an unique biocomplex of a glycolipid biosurfactant and an alginate biopolymer and possesses a high surface and emulsifying activity. The washing and antisorptional capacity of this bioremedy has been tested on objects of various natures, viz. bird feathers, animal skins and furs. We have obtained positive results in the remediation of sea sands, birds and animals suffering from ecological catastrophy. It was shown that the bioremedy has mild properties and does not change the structure of the feathers, skins and furs studied. The bioremedy remains active over the temperature range 15–90°C