91 research outputs found
The HEV Ventilator
HEV is a low-cost, versatile, high-quality ventilator, which has been
designed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The ventilator is intended to be
used both in and out of hospital intensive care units, and for both invasive
and non-invasive ventilation. The hardware can be complemented with an external
turbine for use in regions where compressed air supplies are not reliably
available. The standard modes provided include PC-A/C(Pressure Assist
Control),PC-A/C-PRVC(Pressure Regulated Volume Control), PC-PSV (Pressure
Support Ventilation) and CPAP (Continuous Positive airway pressure). HEV is
designed to support remote training and post market surveillance via a web
interface and data logging to complement the standard touch screen operation,
making it suitable for a wide range of geographical deployment. The HEV design
places emphasis on the quality of the pressure curves and the reactivity of the
trigger, delivering a global performance which will be applicable to ventilator
needs beyond theCOVID-19 pandemic. This article describes the conceptual design
and presents the prototype units together with their performance evaluation.Comment: 34 pages, 18 figures, Extended version of the article submitted to
PNA
Temporal Logic Based Monitoring of Assisted Ventilation in Intensive Care Patients
We introduce a novel approach to automatically detect ineffective breathing efforts in patients in intensive care subject to assisted ventilation. The method is based on synthesising from data temporal logic formulae which are able to discriminate between normal and ineffective breaths. The learning procedure consists in first constructing statistical models of normal and abnormal breath signals, and then in looking for an optimally discriminating formula. The space of formula structures, and the space of parameters of each formula, are searched with an evolutionary algorithm and with a Bayesian optimisation scheme, respectively. We present here our preliminary results and we discuss our future research directions.\ </p
Year in review in Intensive Care Medicine 2010: III. ARDS and ALI, mechanical ventilation, noninvasive ventilation, weaning, endotracheal intubation, lung ultrasound and paediatrics
SCOPUS: re.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Structure and Function of Starch and Resistant Starch from Corn with Different Doses of Mutant Amylose-Extender and Floury-1 Alleles
Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) improves patient-ventilator interaction during non-invasive ventilation delivered by face mask
PURPOSE:
To determine if, compared to pressure support (PS), neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) reduces patient-ventilator asynchrony in intensive care patients undergoing noninvasive ventilation with an oronasal face mask.
METHODS:
In this prospective interventional study we compared patient-ventilator synchrony between PS (with ventilator settings determined by the clinician) and NAVA (with the level set so as to obtain the same maximal airway pressure as in PS). Two 20-min recordings of airway pressure, flow and electrical activity of the diaphragm during PS and NAVA were acquired in a randomized order. Trigger delay (T(d)), the patient's neural inspiratory time (T(in)), ventilator pressurization duration (T(iv)), inspiratory time in excess (T(iex)), number of asynchrony events per minute and asynchrony index (AI) were determined.
RESULTS:
The study included 13 patients, six with COPD, and two with mixed pulmonary disease. T(d) was reduced with NAVA: median 35 ms (IQR 31-53 ms) versus 181 ms (122-208 ms); p = 0.0002. NAVA reduced both premature and delayed cyclings in the majority of patients, but not the median T(iex) value. The total number of asynchrony events tended to be reduced with NAVA: 1.0 events/min (0.5-3.1 events/min) versus 4.4 events/min (0.9-12.1 events/min); p = 0.08. AI was lower with NAVA: 4.9 % (2.5-10.5 %) versus 15.8 % (5.5-49.6 %); p = 0.03. During NAVA, there were no ineffective efforts, or late or premature cyclings. PaO(2) and PaCO(2) were not different between ventilatory modes.
CONCLUSION:
Compared to PS, NAVA improved patient ventilator synchrony during noninvasive ventilation by reducing T(d) and AI. Moreover, with NAVA, ineffective efforts, and late and premature cyclings were absent
Inhibition of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Antigen Shedding Up-Regulates the Surface Expression of Class I Antigens on the Lymphocyte Cell Surface
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