Importance of plant protection equipment/application techniques for the sustainable use of plant protection product from the federal extension services point of view

DOI: 10.5073/JfK.2014.10.03, https://doi.org/10.5073/JfK.2014.10.03DOI: 10.5073/JfK.2014.10.03, https://doi.org/10.5073/JfK.2014.10.0

Eichenprozessionsspinner in Mecklenburg Vorpommern

Oak Processionary Moth in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerani

CD4+ T cells produce GM-CSF and drive immune-mediated glomerular disease by licensing monocyte-derived cells to produce MMP12

Despite glomerulonephritis being an immune-mediated disease, the contributions of individual immune cell types are not clear. To address this gap in knowledge, Paust et al. characterized pathological immune cells in samples from patients with glomerulonephritis and in samples from mice with the disease. The authors found that CD4+ T cells producing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) licensed monocytes to promote disease by producing matrix metalloproteinase 12 and disrupting the glomerular basement membrane. Targeting GM-CSF to inhibit this axis reduced disease severity in mice, implicating this cytokine as a potential therapeutic target for patients with glomerulonephritis