Fluropyrimidine single agent or doublet chemotherapy as second line treatment in advanced biliary tract cancer

Fluoropyrimidine (FP) plus platinum chemotherapy has been recently established as a second-line (L2) preferred option in advanced biliary tract cancer (aBTC) (ABC-06 phase III trial). However, the overall survival (OS) benefit was limited and comparison with FP monotherapy was not available. Our aim was to assess the OS of patients treated with a FP monotherapy compared to a doublet with irinotecan or platinum in L2. We performed a retrospective analysis of two large multicenter prospective cohorts: a French cohort (28 centers) and an Italian cohort (9 centers). All consecutive patients with aBTC receiving FP-based L2 after gemcitabine plus cisplatin/gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin L1 between 2003 and 2016 were included. A subgroup analysis according to performance status (PS) and an exploratory analysis according to platinum sensitivity in L1 were planned. In the French cohort (n = 351), no significant OS difference was observed between the FP monotherapy and doublet groups (median OS: 5.6 vs 6.8 months, P =.65). Stratification on Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) PS showed similar results in PS 0-1 and 2. Median OS was not different between FP monotherapy, platinum- and irinotecan-based doublets (5.6 vs 7.1 vs 6.7 months, P =.68). Similar findings were observed in the Italian cohort (n = 174) and in the sensitivity analysis in pooled cohorts (n = 525). No L2 regimen seemed superior over others in the platinum resistant/refractory or sensitive subgroups. Our results suggest that FP monotherapy is as active as FP doublets in aBTC in L2, regardless of the patient PS and country, and could be a therapeutic option in this setting

prediction of overall survival with 2nd line l2os chemotherapy ct in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer abtc ageo ct2bil cohort update and international multicenter external validations

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The presence of senescent peripheral T-cells is negatively correlated to COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity in cancer patients under 70 years of age

PurposeCancer patients are at risk of severe COVID-19 infection, and vaccination is recommended. Nevertheless, we observe a failure of COVID-19 vaccines in this vulnerable population. We hypothesize that senescent peripheral T-cells alter COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity.MethodsWe performed a monocentric prospective study and enrolled cancer patients and healthy donors before the COVID-19 vaccination. The primary objective was to assess the association of peripheral senescent T-cells (CD28-CD57+KLRG1+) with COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity.ResultsEighty cancer patients have been included, with serological and specific T-cell responses evaluated before and at 3 months post-vaccination. Age ≥ 70 years was the principal clinical factor negatively influencing the serological (p=0.035) and specific SARS-CoV-2 T-cell responses (p=0.047). The presence of senescent T-cells was correlated to lower serological (p=0.049) and specific T-cell responses (p=0.009). Our results sustained the definition of a specific cut-off for senescence immune phenotype (SIP) (≥ 5% of CD4 and ≥ 39.5% of CD8 T-cells), which was correlated to a lower serological response induced by COVID-19 vaccination for CD4 and CD8 SIPhigh (p=0.039 and p=0.049 respectively). While CD4 SIP level had no impact on COVID-19 vaccine efficacy in elderly patients, our results unraveled a possible predictive role for CD4 SIPhigh T-cell levels in younger cancer patients.ConclusionsElderly cancer patients have a poor serological response to vaccination; specific strategies are needed in this population. Also, the presence of a CD4 SIPhigh affects the serological response in younger patients and seems to be a potential biomarker of no vaccinal response

Forme des courbes de sensibilité au contraste des mécanismes colorés isolés en vision fovéale et périphérique

Summary : Change in shape of contrast sensitivity functions of isolated colour mechanisms for foveal and peripheral vision. The change in shape of contrast sensitivity functions of isolated colour mechanisms was studied for sinusoidal luminance pattern in steady-state or counter-phase flicker condition, and for foveal and peripheral presentation. Isolation of the colour mechanisms was obtained with selective chromatic adaptation. In these experimental conditions, it was observed that the contrast sensitivity functions were of a bandpass type for the isolated colour mechanisms. This bandpass characteristic is greater in peripheral presentation than in foveal presentation. Key-words : colour mechanisms, contrast sensitivity.Résumé On étudie, pour des mécanismes colorés isolés, en vision fovéale et en vision périphérique, l'évolution des courbes de sensibilité au contraste en fonction de la fréquence spatiale. Les mécanismes colorés ont été isolés par adaptation chromatique sélective. Le test est un réseau à profil sinusoïdal de luminance, présenté sans ou avec inversion de phase. Dans ces conditions expérimentales, on met en évidence le caractère passe-bande des fonctions de sensibilité au contraste pour les trois mécanismes colorés isolés et on montre que ce caractère est plus marqué en vision périphérique qu'en vision fovéale. Mots clefs : sensibilité au contraste, mécanismes colorés.Bourdy C., Vienot F., Monot A., Chiron A. Forme des courbes de sensibilité au contraste des mécanismes colorés isolés en vision fovéale et périphérique. In: L'année psychologique. 1982 vol. 82, n°1. pp. 19-27