Radiation back-reaction in relativistically strong and QED-strong laser fields

The emission from an electron in the field of a relativistically strong laser pulse is analyzed. At the pulse intensities of \ge 10^{22} W/cm^2 the emission from counter-propagating electrons is modified by the effects of Quantum ElectroDynamics (QED), as long as the electron energy is sufficiently high: E \ge 1 GeV. The radiation force experienced by an electron is for the first time derived from the QED principles and its applicability range is extended towards the QED-strong fields.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Emission and its back-reaction accompanying electron motion in relativistically strong and QED-strong pulsed laser fields

The emission from an electron in the field of a relativistically strong laser pulse is analyzed. At pulse intensities of J > 2 10^22 W/cm2 the emission from counter-propagating electrons is modified by the effects of Quantum ElectroDynamics (QED), as long as the electron energy is sufficiently high: E > 1 GeV. The radiation force experienced by an electron is for the first time derived from the QED principles and its applicability range is extended towards the QED-strong fields.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to Phys.Rev.

Red fox takeover of arctic fox breeding den : an observation from Yamal Peninsula, Russia

Here, we report from the first direct observation of a red fox (Vulpes vulpes) intrusion on an arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) breeding den from the southern Arctic tundra of Yamal Peninsula, Russia in 2007. At the same time, as a current range retraction of the original inhabitant of the circumpolar tundra zone the arctic fox is going on, the red fox is expanding their range from the south into arctic habitats. Thus, within large parts of the northern tundra areas the two species are sympatric which gives opportunities for direct interactions including interference competition. However, direct first-hand observations of such interactions are rare, especially in the Russian Arctic. In the present study, we observed one red fox taking over an arctic fox breeding den which resulted in den abandonment by the arctic fox. On July 19, eight arctic fox pups were observed on the den before the red fox was observed on the same den July 22. The pups were never seen at the den or elsewhere after the red fox was observed on the den for as long as we stayed in the area (until August 10). Our observation supports the view that direct interference with red fox on breeding dens may contribute to the range retraction of arctic foxes from the southern limits of the Arctic tundra in Russia

The dynamical structure factor in topologically disordered systems

A computation of the dynamical structure factor of topologically disordered systems, where the disorder can be described in terms of euclidean random matrices, is presented. Among others, structural glasses and supercooled liquids belong to that class of systems. The computation describes their relevant spectral features in the region of the high frequency sound. The analytical results are tested with numerical simulations and are found to be in very good agreement with them. Our results may explain the findings of inelastic X-ray scattering experiments in various glassy systems.Comment: Version to be published in J. Chem. Phy

Optimization of the MACE endpoint composition to increase power in studies of lipid-lowering therapies—a model-based meta-analysis

AimsTo develop a model-informed methodology for the optimization of the Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE) composite endpoint, based on a model-based meta-analysis across anti-hypercholesterolemia trials of statin and anti-PCSK9 drugs.Methods and resultsMixed-effects meta-regression modeling of stand-alone MACE outcomes was performed, with therapy type, population demographics, baseline and change over time in lipid biomarkers as predictors. Randomized clinical trials up to June 28, 2022, of either statins or anti-PCSK9 therapies were identified through a systematic review process in PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. In total, 54 studies (270,471 patients) were collected, reporting 15 different single cardiovascular events. Treatment-mediated decrease in low density lipoprotein cholesterol, baseline levels of remnant and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as non-lipid population characteristics and type of therapy were identified as significant covariates for 10 of the 15 outcomes. The required sample size per composite 3- and 4-point MACE endpoint was calculated based on the estimated treatment effects in a population and frequencies of the incorporated events in the control group, trial duration, and uncertainty in model parameters.ConclusionA quantitative tool was developed and used to benchmark different compositions of 3- and 4-point MACE for statins and anti-PCSK9 therapies, based on the minimum population size required to achieve statistical significance in relative risk reduction, following meta-regression modeling of the single MACE components. The approach we developed may be applied towards the optimization of the design of future trials in dyslipidemia disorders as well as in other therapeutic areas

Génération de maillage quadrangulaire d'un domaine du plan via les équations de Ginzburg-Landau

National audienceGénérer un maillage d'une surface est un pré-requis souvent indispensable à de nombreuses applications. Certaines (la subdivision de surfaces, la simulation de couches limites) nécessitent l'utilisation de maillage quadrangulaire. L'état de l'art procède en trois étapes. Il s'agit d'abord de calculer un champ de croix, puis de l'intégrer pour obtenir une paramétrisation et enfin d'extraire un maillage quadrangulaire à partir de la paramétrisation. Nous montrerons que les deux premières étapes réfèrent aux mêmes équations et peuvent donc être traitées de la même manière. Cette approche permet de résoudre des problèmes (imprécision loin des bords, mauvaise localisation des singularités) qui se posaient jusqu'alors