Dynamics of innovation and taxation in 8 EU ex-communist countries

Research background: Even if they have a similar background, the ex-communist countries in Europe have started since the ‘90s to differentiate socially and economically one from another. Nowadays, the differences between them are significant in many aspects of the socio-economic environment, including innovation. Measurements done by Cornell University, INSEAD, and WIPO through the Global Innovation Index and some researchers compared the achievements from the last 30 years of the ex-communist countries in terms of innovation. Although innovation may be under the influence of multiple factors, some authors suggest that taxation has a major role. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is identifying a potential link between the dynamics of innovation and the dynamics of taxation in 8 ex-communist EU countries in the context of globalization, and to describe the way the globalization and taxation together fostered or suppressed the innovation. Methods: We will do a comparative analysis, comparing the taxation and the innovation input and output indicators - regulatory environment, education, general infrastructure, credit, investment, knowledge workers, knowledge creation, knowledge impact, online creativity, intangible assets. Findings & Value added: This paper may add value to the economic and taxation policies in the ex-communist countries by identifying the policies that proved their effectiveness in increasing innovation rates, policies that can be adapted and then adopted by the ex-communist countries that are less innovative

The dynamics of innovation in the ex-communist countries in Europe in the context of globalization

Research background: Even if they share a similar background, the ex-communist European countries have started since the ‘90s to differentiate one from another in terms of development. Nowadays, the gaps between them are significant in many aspects of the socio-economic environment, including innovation. Measurements done by Cornell University, INSEAD, and WIPO through the Global Innovation Index give us the opportunity to compare the achievements from the last 30 years of the ex-communist countries. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this paper is to point out the major gaps between the European ex-communist countries in terms of innovation – both innovation inputs and innovation outputs – in the context of globalization, and the way the globalization fostered or suppressed the innovation. Methods: We will do a comparative analysis of the indicators that the input and output indexes are based on – regulatory environment, education, general infrastructure, credit, investment, knowledge workers, knowledge creation, knowledge impact, online creativity, intangible assets. Findings & Value added: This paper may add value to the economic and educational policies in the ex-communist countries by identifying the policies that proved their effectiveness in increasing innovation rates, policies that can be adapted and then adopted by the ex-communist countries that are less innovative

The dynamics of human capital accumulation in the ex-communist countries in Europe in the context of globalization

Research background: Countries with a similar background before 1990, in the communist bloc in Europe, have begun since the ‘90s to differentiate one from another in terms of development. Nowadays, in many aspects of the socio-economic environment, including welfare and labor productivity, the gaps between them are significant. Measurements done by World Bank Group through The Human Capital Project give us the opportunity to compare the achievements from the last 30 years of the ex-communist countries building strong democracies and open markets. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this paper is to identify the major gaps between 8 EU ex-communist countries in terms of human capital accumulation in the context of globalization – and the way the globalization fostered or suppressed the human development and human capital accumulation. Methods: We will do a comparative analysis of the indicators that the Human Capital Project are based on – life expectancy, expected years of schooling, quality of education and GDP/capita of the 8 EU ex-communist countries. Findings & Value added: This paper may add value to the economic and educational policies in the 8 EU ex-communist countries by identifying the policies that proved their effectiveness in generating higher labor productivity, policies that can be adapted and then adopted by the UE ex-communist countries that are less developed

Comparative analysis of taxation in 8 ex-communist countries in Europe

Research background: Having a similar background before the 1990, the ex-communist countries in Europe started to differentiate one from another in terms of social and economic development. Nowadays, in many aspects of the socio-economic environment, the differences between them are significant. There are many factors to be considered when analysing the patterns of evolution of each ex-communist country in Europe and one of them is taxation. The level of taxation can lead to structural changes in the economy, especially market economies that are not mature. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to compare the level of taxation in 8 EU ex-communist countries: Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia - in the context of globalization. Methods: We will do a comparative analysis of the indicators developed by European Commission, DG Taxation and Customs Union and Eurostat of the 8 EU ex-communist countries. Findings & Value added: This paper may add value to the economic and tax policies in the 8 EU ex-communist countries by identifying the policies that proved their effectiveness in generating higher labor productivity, policies that can be adapted and then adopted by the UE ex-communist countries that are less developed. Moreover, this paper can lead to more in-depth research concerning taxation as significant factor of development in these countries