DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOPATHOLOGY IN THE COVID-19 PERIOD. COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT ON CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS\u27 MENTAL HEALTH

Over the past year, the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has forced many world countries, including Italy, to take strict restrictive measures as lockdown and social distancing. Children and adolescents exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing would appear to be at greater risk of developing psychiatric disorders. In the last year, the Child and Adolescence Neuropsychiatry service at the Children\u27s Hospital Bambino Gesù in Rome has recorded a significant increase in cases of mood disorders, self-injurious behaviors and suicidal ideation. These data underlined the need to define tailor-made intervention strategies for children and adolescents during this time of social and health emergency

Autorité et médias sociaux. Une approche discursive de l’autorité dans le Web social

This article aims to demonstrate the existence of processes of constructing discursive authority in the social (or participative) web. To accomplish this, we will first provide a theoretical overview of the concept of authority, which will enable us to distinguish between its defining elements and its situational manifestations. Then, we will examine three non-exhaustive but prototypical examples of communication on collaborative web platforms to show how certain linguistic-discursive and technological characteristics of these environments facilitate the creation of a discourse marked by trust and, as a result, authoritative for different user communities. Our analyses will start from an examination of internet memes, where both certain dissemination logics and techno-enunciative characteristics reveal the persistence of discourse authorization mechanisms that lie somewhere between technological parameters and enunciative postures. Then, we will illustrate the strategies used by users, who can be regarded as scientific "influencers" on Twitter, to establish their legitimacy and online credibility. Finally, we will look at a collaborative creative writing project on Twitter ("Bowary") to explore the relationships between the notion of authority and this new form of shared authorship online

Discours de haine (?) dans les réseaux sociaux numériques : le cas de #commentfairepourqueleshommesarretentdevioler

In this article, I will study the polemic that was triggered in January 2021 in the social networks (Twitter, Facebook, commentary space of the online press) by the hashtag #commentfairepourqueleshommesarretentdevioler. Following an overview of the research around hate speech and its regulation on Twitter, I will analyze the technodiscursive characteristics (Paveau, 2017) of this hashtag as well as the reactions of Internet users to show how it allows for the reconfiguration of the authority relationship between genders

Polémique de la vape et discours d’autorité entre influenceurs et discours institutionnels sur le WEB 2.0

Le 26 juillet 2019 l’OMS déclare que la cigarette électronique est « incontestablement nocive pour la santé » dans son rapport annuel. Les réactions dans les plateformes 2.0 sont immédiates : acteurs institutionnels, scientifiques et consommateurs prennent la parole pour ou contre la position de l’OMS et les débats se configurent tôt comme une véritable polémique 2.0, mettant en jeu différentes autorités susceptibles d’exprimer une opinion sur la question. Dans cette étude, je me penche sur la construction du discours d’autorité des influenceurs de la vape et sur l’analyse du débat qui s’est déclenché à la suite de la décision de l’OMS dans différentes plateformes du Web 2.0 (Twitter, Facebook et l’espace commentaires des journaux en ligne) dans le but de montrer quelques spécificités de la circulation de l’autorité dans ces espaces numériques et, notamment, que cette polémique repose sur des conflits d’autorité surgissant le long des échanges et la variété des moyens techno-discursifs utilisés par les internautes afin de construire ou déconstruire l’autorité en discours.On July 26, 2019 the WHO affirms in its annual report that the electronic cigarette is "unquestionably harmful" to health. The reactions in platforms 2.0 are immediate: institutional actors, scientists and consumers speak for or against the position of WHO and the debates soon turns into a real 2.0 polemical debate, involving different authorities who express an opinion on the issue. In this study, I will focus on the construction of the discourse of authority of the vape influencers and on the analysis of the debate that was triggered following the WHO's decision in different Web 2.0 platforms (Twitter, Facebook and the comment space of online newspapers) in order to show some specificities of the circulation of authority in these digital spaces and, in particular, that this polemic is based on conflicts of authority and the variety of technodiscursive tools used by Internet users to construct or deconstruct authority in discourse

"Populisme" dans les commentaires sur YouTube : entre dimension conflictuelle et enjeux argumentatifs

In this paper, I analyse the metadiscursive debates on the word populism in YouTube comments posted between 2015 and 2020, following the posting of videos where scholars debate around the phenomenon of populism. My aim is to show that although populism is considered by French specialists as an insult, functioning as a polemical label used essentially to denigrate others, in ordinary exchanges it is the object of metadiscursive remarks that can nuance this polemical charge, even to the point of erasing it. To this end, I will focus on three ordinary metadiscursive practices that characterize the corpus: acts of naming, lexicographisms, among which we find different types of resignification, and, finally, spontaneous defining statements

Lecolle, Michelle, Métalangage et expression du sentiment linguistique « profane »

Tout comme les autres travaux français traitant de questions de linguistique populaire (Achard-Bayle et Paveau, 2008, Achard-Bayle et Lecolle, 2009), ce numéro consacré au métalangage et au sentiment linguistique « profanes » n’échappe pas à l’exigence de poser des balises terminologiques en guise d’introduction. C’est ainsi que, d’entrée de jeu, Lecolle nous offre un aperçu synthétique mais exhaustif des dénominations de ce domaine de recherche désormais bien installé en France (linguistique..

Discours d’influenceurs, discours d’autorité ? Le cas de deux médecins influenceurs sur Twitter

Dans cette étude, je voudrais démontrer, par une étude de cas, les procédés et les stratégies techno-discursives déployées par deux médecins influenceurs pour créer un discours d’autorité dans Twitter. D’abord, je présente le cadre théorique au prisme duquel j’appréhende la notion d’autorité, au croisement des conceptions développées par Oger (2021) en analyse du discours, par Origgi en épistémologie sociale (2008) et par Broudoux en sciences de l’information et de la communication (2007), ainsi que des études de cas menées par moi-même (Vicari, 2021, 2021b, 2022) en analyse du discours. Cela me permettra de cerner les éléments fondant ce qu’on peut considérer comme une relation d’autorité que je me propose d’analyser, dans un second temps, dans un corpus de tweets issus des comptes d’un nano-influenceur de santé (Le DrMus) et d’une micro-influenceuse de santé (Marine Lorphelin) ; tous deux sont de jeunes médecins particulièrement actifs sur Twitter depuis le début de la pandémie du Covid-19. Mon objectif est de montrer que loin d’effacer tout type d’autorité, les dispositifs numériques, et notamment Twitter, favorisent l’essor de relations de confiance à partir de manifestations de l’autorité se situant à mi-chemin entre les paramètres technologiques des dispositifs et les pratiques discursives.In this paper, I would like to demonstrate through a concrete case study, the processes and techno-discursive strategies deployed by two medical influencers to create a discourse of authority in Twitter. First, I will present the theoretical framework through which I understand the notion of authority at the intersection of the conceptions developed by Oger (2021) in discourse analysis, by Origgi in social epistemology (2008), and by Broudoux in information and communication sciences (2007), as well as the case studies conducted by myself (Vicari, 2021, 2021b, 2022) in discourse analysis. This will allow me to identify the elements that form the basis of what can be considered a relationship of authority, which I propose to show in a second phase, on a corpus of tweets borrowed from the accounts of a health nano-influencer (DrMus) and a health micro-influencer (Marine Lorphelin), both of whom are young doctors who have been particularly active on Twitter since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic. My aim is to show that far from erasing any type of authority, digital devices, and in particular Twitter, favor the development of trusting relationships based on manifestations of authority that are situated halfway between the technological parameters of the devices and discursive marks

Quand les médecins deviennent influenceurs : la vulgarisation des termes de la Covid-19 dans Facebook, Instagram et Twitter

In this study, I will analyse the strategies for vulgarisation specialised knowledge on Covid-19 used by three health professionals (two young doctors and a pharmacist) in their Twitter and Instagram accounts. After a theoretical framing to identify the challenges of the online communication of these influencer figures in the construction of authority discourses, I will focus on the analysis of the construction of their technodiscursive ethos (Paveau, 2017) and the processes exploited to fight against fake news and popularize Covid-19 terms

Sul ruolo delle variazioni linguistiche in Les aventures extraordinaires d’Adèle Blanc-Sec. Francese e italiano a confronto

Abstract – This article aims to investigate the role of linguistic variation in the first two volumes of the French comic Les Aventures extraordinaires d’Adèle Blanc-Sec by Jacques Tardi, published in 1976, and in their Italian translation. After a brief introduction to current translatological views on comics and to the linguistic features of the volumes, the series of comics will be presented, with a special focus on its use of linguistic variation. The aim is to show that a discursive approach to translation paying special attention to the sociolinguistic conditions of text production in the process of text analysis allows us to understand the fundamental role that linguistic variation can play in the diegesis of the story. In the final part, a detailed analysis of the translation strategies adopted in the Italian versions of Tardi’s volumes will be conducted to explain how linguistic variation was conveyed in Italian

Are the deficits in navigational abilities present in the Williams syndrome related to deficits in the backward inhibition?

Williams syndrome (WS) is associated with a distinct profile of relatively proficient skills within the verbal domain compared to the severe impairment of visuo-spatial processing. Abnormalities in executive functions and deficits in planning ability and spatial working memory have been described. However, to date little is known about the influence of executive function deficits on navigational abilities in WS. This study aimed at analyzing in WS individuals a specific executive function, the backward inhibition (BI) that allows individuals to flexibly adapt to continuously changing environments. A group of WS individuals and a mental age- and gender-matched group of typically developing children were subjected to three task-switching experiments requiring visuospatial or verbal material to be processed. Results showed that WS individuals exhibited clear BI deficits during visuospatial task-switching paradigms and normal BI effect during verbal task-switching paradigm. Overall, the present results suggest that the BI involvement in updating environment representations during navigation may influence WS navigational abilitie