A Novel Technique For Truthful Detection Of Packet Dropping Attack In Wireless Adhoc Networks

While watching an arrangement of packet losses in the system, we are occupied with figuring out if the losses are brought on by link errors just, or by the joined impact of connection mistakes and pernicious drop. We are particularly inspired by the insider-attack case, whereby malevolent nodes that are a piece of the course misuse their insight into the correspondence setting to specifically drop a little measure of bundles basic to the system execution. Since the parcel dropping rate for this situation is practically identical to the channel mistake rate, customary algorithms that depend on distinguishing the packet loss rate can't accomplish attractive discovery precision. To enhance the location exactness, we propose to misuse the connections between lost packets. Moreover, to guarantee honest count of these relationships, we build up a homomorphic straight authenticator (HLA) based open examining design that permits the identifier to check the honesty of the parcel misfortune data reported by nodes. This development is security saving, arrangement evidence, and causes low correspondence and capacity overheads. To diminish the calculation overhead of the pattern conspire, a packet-block based instrument is likewise proposed, which permits one to exchange discovery precision for lower calculation multifaceted nature

MicroRNA Expression Analysis: Clinical Advantage of Propranolol Reveals Key MicroRNAs in Myocardial Infarction

BACKGROUND: As playing important roles in gene regulation, microRNAs (miRNAs) are believed as indispensable involvers in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction (MI) that causes significant morbidity and mortality. Working on a hypothesis that modulation of only some key members in the miRNA superfamily could benefit ischemic heart, we proposed a microarray based network biology approach to identify them with the recognized clinical effect of propranolol as a prompt. METHODS: A long-term MI model of rat was established in this study. The microarray technology was applied to determine the global miRNA expression change intervened by propranolol. Multiple network analyses were sequentially applied to evaluate the regulatory capacity, efficiency and emphasis of the miRNAs which dysexpression in MI were significantly reversed by propranolol. RESULTS: Microarray data analysis indicated that long-term propranolol administration caused 18 of the 31 dysregulated miRNAs in MI undergoing reversed expression, implying that intentional modulation of miRNA expression might show favorable effects for ischemic heart. Our network analysis identified that, among these miRNAs, the prime players in MI were miR-1, miR-29b and miR-98. Further finding revealed that miR-1 focused on regulation of myocyte growth, yet miR-29b and miR-98 stressed on fibrosis and inflammation, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our study illustrates how a combination of microarray technology and functional protein network analysis can be used to identify disease-related key miRNAs