Non-degenerate conditionings of the exit measures of super-Brownian motion

We introduce several martingale changes of measure of the law of the exit measure of super Brownian motion. These changes of measure include and generalize one arising by conditioning the exit measures to charge a point on the boun dary of a 2-dimensional domain. In the case we discuss this is a non-degenerate conditioning. We give characterizations of the new processes in terms of "immortal particle" branching processes with immigration of mass, and give application s to the study of solutions to Lu = cu^2 in D. The representations are related to those in an earlier paper, which treated the case of degenerate conditionings

gWidgetsWWW: Creating Interactive Web Pages within R

The gWidgetsWWW package provides a framework for easily developing interactive web pages from within R. It uses the API developed in the gWidgets programming interface to specify the layout of the controls and the relationships between them. The web pages may be served locally under R's built-in web server for help pages or from an rApache-enabled web server

Monopoly power of the medical school market and high incomes of U.S. physicians

We expect the incomes of physicians to remain high in the next decades. Using the latest published physician income data (2015) we calculated the weighted median income of U.S. physicians and the net present value (NPV) of an investment in physician education. We estimated the NPV assuming that the physicians training began in 2007 and their practice would commence in 2015. We estimated the NPV of the lifetime earnings of a physician based on the median income of all physicians in the sample to be between $7.1 and$7.3 million. This finding of high NPV’s is consistent with almost all earlier studies of this kind. Physicians continue to experience relatively high incomes and very slow increases in the number of new graduates. We expect an excess demand for positions in medical colleges to continue. Our findings with respect to the incomes of non-primary physicians (surgeons, radiologist and cardiologists), indicate will continue to be much higher than those of primary physicians. There are strong evidence suggesting this is because of blockages in physician residency openings in these non-primary fields of medicine.peer-reviewe

Getting Started with RStudio

Dive into the RStudio Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for using and programming R, the popular open source software for statistical computing and graphics. This concise book provides new and experienced users with an overview of RStudio, as well as hands-on instructions for analyzing data, generating reports, and developing R software packages. The open source RStudio IDE brings many powerful coding tools together into an intuitive, easy-to-learn interface. With this guide, you'll learn how to use its main components-including the console, source code editor, and data viewer-throug

Using R for introductory statistics

xvii, 502 p. : ill. ; 24 cm