The embedding theorems of Whitney and Nash

We begin by briefly motivating the idea of a manifold and then discuss the embedding theorems of Whitney and Nash that allow us to view these objects inside appropriately large Euclidean spaces

Fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces by laser surface texturing and autoxidation

The creation of superhydrophobic surfaces (SHS) has received exceptional thought from the entire research community due to its notable application in varied fields such as anti-icing, self-cleaning, drag reduction, anti-bacterial, and oil-water separation. The super­hy­drophobic (SH) conditions for a surface can be attained through the consolidation of a low surface energy surface with appropriate micro/nano-surface roughness through texturing. Motivated by the SH nature of lotus leaf and petal effect, microstructures have been prepared in this work on a metal surface by a fiber laser marking machine at 35 W. The textured surfaces with a different pitch to diameter (p/d) ratio (2.0-0.70) have been turned into hydrophobic and finally SH, after storing in an ambient environment for a few days due to oxide layer deposition on the textured surface. In this study, the maximum contact angle achieved by textured geometry after 30 days of auto-oxidation was 158.6 o. Further, test results showed that the fabricated surfaces have a high potential to maintain their SH nature even after the harsh condition of applications

How to manage blocked intramedullary canal while reaming during hip arthroplasty

Blockage of femoral canal while doing hemiarthroplasty is rare finding. Before inserting the femoral stem trial we should manage this blockage adequately to prevent iatrogenic fracture. Herein, we present a case of fracture neck of femur right in a 79-year-old male who presented with history of right hip pain and later was diagnosed with neck of femur fracture subcapital type that was treated with cementless hemiarthroplasty. In conclusion, if the canal is blocked, start with small diameter (K-wire), then insert guide wire and then reaming over it to open the blocked canal, do not hammer directly to prevent iatrogenic fracture. Go sequentially to open the blockage. First open the marrow then insert trial stem

Wireless Sensor Networks for Indoor Environment Monitoring Using LabVIEW

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have gained worldwide attention in recent years, particularly with the rapid progress in Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology which has facilitated the development of smart sensors. These sensors are small, with limited processing and computing resources, and they are inexpensive compared to traditional sensors. These sensor nodes can sense, measure, and gather information from the environment and, based on some local decision process, they can transmit the sensed data to the user. WSNs are large networks made of a numerous number of sensor nodes with sensing, computation, and wireless communication capabilities. In present work we provide a brief summary of the state-ofthe- art in wireless sensor networks, investigate the feasibility of indoor environment monitoring using crossbow wireless sensor nodes. Here we used nesC programming language and TinyOS operating system for programming Crossbow sensor nodes and LabVIEW GUI is used for displaying different indoor environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity and light acquired from different Wireless sensor nodes. These sensor readings can help building administrators to monitor the physical conditions of the environment in a building for creating optimized energy usage

Fetal transverse cerebellar diameter measurement in intrauterine growth restriction: a more accurate parameter for gestational age assessment at term

Background: Assessment of fetal gestational age (GA) is an essential part of obstetric USG. Accurate knowledge of fetal GA is important to facilitate the best possible prenatal care and successful pregnancy outcome.  For the estimation of GA the commonly used parameters in third trimester are:- BPD, HC, AC and FL. As all these parameters are affected by fetal growth disorders and fetal position. TCD can be used as another parameter for the estimation of GA in growth restricted fetuses.Methods: This study was conducted at Mahila Chikitsalaya Sanganeri Gate; SMS Medical College Jaipur from July 2005 to September 2006. A total of 80 pregnant women in third trimester with singleton pregnancy including 40 pregnant women with known cases of IUGR and 40 AGA fetuses were studied for TCD measure.Results: Correlation coefficient between TCD and gestational age was highly significant and no significant difference was found in TCD of AGA and IUGR fetuses.Conclusions: TCD measurement can be used as more reliable parameter for accurate estimation of gestational age in IUGR fetuses in third trimester

New challenge of asymptomatic infections from COVID-19: current scenario

Since the outbreak of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease in China, late December 2019, it took a substantial detriment and challenges for more than 200 countries worldwide. Recently with the upcoming insights about etiology of the virus, there is increasing evidence that many patients with COVID-19 are asymptomatic or they have only mild symptoms, but they act as carrier and are able to transmit the virus to others. There are technical difficulties in screening for these asymptomatic infections, which makes it even more challenging for any nation to control this epidemic. This article reviews entry & replication of the virus, pathogenesis, asymptomatic infections, dissemination, prevention, control & treatment in asymptomatic infections with COVID-19, expecting it would be helpful for early prevention and containment of this severe public health threat worldwide