Aanmerkingen Tegen K. S., in De Beantwoording Mijner Vragen, in No. 52 Van The Hollander, Van 24 November 1853 is a 16 Page Pamphlet Signed by Ten Men Who are Protesting the Distribution of Richard Baxter\u27s Book, Call to the Unconverted

Aanmerkingen Tegen K. S., in de Beantwoording Mijner Vragen, in No. 52 van The Hollander, van 24 November 1853 is a 16 page pamphlet signed by ten men who are protesting the distribution of Richard Baxter\u27s book, Call to the Unconverted. The men who signed the pamphlet were A. Krabshuis, J. van Anrooi, M. Naaije, P. Verlee, K. van Zanten, J. Karelsen, J. Hellenthal, A. Steketee, L. Schaddelee, and J. v.d. Luijster. [Abraham Krabshuis, the stepfather of Isaac Cappon, was a longtime opponent of Van Raalte.]https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1850s/1389/thumbnail.jp

Manufacture Techniques of Chitosan-Based Microcapsules to Enhance Functional Properties of Textiles

In recent years, the textile industry has been moving to novel concepts of products, which could deliver to the user, improved performances. Such smart textiles have been proven to have the potential to integrate within a commodity garment advanced feature and functional properties of different kinds. Among those functionalities, considerable interest has been played in functionalizing commodity garments in order to make them positively interact with the human body and therefore being beneficial to the user health. This kind of functionalization generally exploits biopolymers, a class of materials that possess peculiar properties such as biocompatibility and biodegradability that make them suitable for bio-functional textile production. In the context of biopolymer chitosan has been proved to be an excellent potential candidate for this kind of application given its abundant availability and its chemical properties that it positively interacts with biological tissue. Notwithstanding the high potential of chitosan-based technologies in the textile sectors, several issues limit the large-scale production of such innovative garments. In facts the morphologies of chitosan structures should be optimized in order to make them better exploit the biological activity; moreover a suitable process for the application of chitosan structures to the textile must be designed. The application process should indeed not only allow an effective and durable fixation of chitosan to textile but also comply with environmental rules concerning pollution emission and utilization of harmful substances. This chapter reviews the use of microencapsulation technique as an approach to effectively apply chitosan to the textile material while overcoming the significant limitations of finishing processes. The assembly of chitosan macromolecules into microcapsules was proved to boost the biological properties of the polymer thanks to a considerable increase in the surface area available for interactions with the living tissues. Moreover, the incorporation of different active substances into chitosan shells allows the design of multifunctional materials that effectively combine core and shell properties. Based on the kind of substances to be incorporated, several encapsulation processes have been developed. The literature evidences how the proper choices concerning encapsulation technology, chemical formulations, and process parameter allow tuning the properties and the performances of the obtained microcapsules. Furthermore, the microcapsules based finishing process have been reviewed evidencing how the microcapsules morphology can positively interact with textile substrate allowing an improvement in the durability of the treatment. The application of the chitosan shelled microcapsules was proved to be capable of imparting different functionalities to textile substrates opening possibilities for a new generation of garments with improved performances and with the potential of protecting the user from multiple harms. Lastly, a continuous interest was observed in improving the process and formulation design in order to avoid the usage of toxic substances, therefore, complying with an environmentally friendly approach

NHG-guideline acute cough

Acute cough is one of the most common reasons for patients to visit a general practitioner. In this revised guideline acute cough is defined as cough lasting less than 3 weeks at presentation. The guideline covers the diagnosis, treatment, and education of patients with cough, pneumonia, bronchiolitis, croup, whooping cough, and Q-fever. It is important to distinguish an uncomplicated respiratory tract infection from a complicated respiratory tract infection that requires antibiotic treatment. In most cases, cough is caused by an uncomplicated respiratory tract infection (viral or bacterial) A patient with an uncomplicated respiratory tract infection has no risk factors for complications (age &gt; 3 months and &lt; 75 years, no relevant comorbidity), is not very ill, doesn't have signs of a complicated respiratory tract infection and has a fever &lt; 7 days. The symptoms (cough) can last up to 4 weeks. There is no effective therapy. There are two groups of patients with a complicated respiratory tract infection. 1 Patients with a pneumonia (severely ill [tachypnea, tachycardia, hypotension or confusion] OR moderately ill and one-sided auscultatory findings, CRP &gt; 100 mg/l [a CRP of 20-100 mg/l doesn't exclude a pneumonia, [management depends on presentation and risk-factors], infiltrate on chest X-ray or sick &gt; 7 days with fever and a cough). These patients are prescribed an antibiotic. 2 Patients with other risk factors for complications (age &lt; 3 months or &gt; 75 years and/or relevant comorbidity [in children cardial and pulmonary disease not being astma, in adults congestive heart failure, severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, neurological disorders, severe renal failure, compromised immunity]). In these patients, the decision to prescribe antibiotics is based on the presentation, supported, if necessary, by measurement of CRP. Specific management recommendations are made for croup, bronchiolitis and whooping cough. In cases of moderate croup, a single dose of corticosteroid (e.g. dexamethasone, 0.15 mg/kg, oral or intramuscular, or 2 mg of nebulized budesonide) should be given. Mild croup is self-limiting; children with severe croup should be referred to a paediatrician. Children with bronchiolitis and dyspnoea should be monitored regularly during the first few days. Use of medication has not proven to be effective. In whooping cough antibiotics might be useful in preventing secondary cases only Additional investigations should be performed if there is suspicion of whooping cough in a patient from a family with unvaccinated or incomplete vaccinated children younger than 1 year or with a pregnant woman of more than 34 weeks gestation. Main changes to the previous issue of these guidelines: - The measurement of C-reactive protein can help differentiate between pneumonia and mild respiratory tract infection in moderately ill adults with general and/ or local symptoms. This recommendation does not apply to children. - The increasing resistance to doxycyclin and macrolide antibiotics makes amoxicillin (for 5 days) the drug of first choice for pneumonia, with doxycyclin as second choice. Doxycyclin remains the first-choice drug if there is an increased risk of pneumonia caused by Coxiella burnetii (Q-fever) or Legionella. - Because of lack of evidence on the effectiveness of noscapine and codeine and their known side effects these drugs are not recommended.</p

Fractional flow reserve-guided PCI for stable coronary artery disease

International audienceBACKGROUND: We hypothesized that in patients with stable coronary artery disease and stenosis, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) performed on the basis of the fractional flow reserve (FFR) would be superior to medical therapy. METHODS: In 1220 patients with stable coronary artery disease, we assessed the FFR in all stenoses that were visible on angiography. Patients who had at least one stenosis with an FFR of 0.80 or less were randomly assigned to undergo FFR-guided PCI plus medical therapy or to receive medical therapy alone. Patients in whom all stenoses had an FFR of more than 0.80 received medical therapy alone and were included in a registry. The primary end point was a composite of death from any cause, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or urgent revascularization within 2 years. RESULTS: The rate of the primary end point was significantly lower in the PCI group than in the medical-therapy group (8.1% vs. 19.5%; hazard ratio, 0.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26 to 0.57; P\textless0.001). This reduction was driven by a lower rate of urgent revascularization in the PCI group (4.0% vs. 16.3%; hazard ratio, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.14 to 0.38; P\textless0.001), with no significant between-group differences in the rates of death and myocardial infarction. Urgent revascularizations that were triggered by myocardial infarction or ischemic changes on electrocardiography were less frequent in the PCI group (3.4% vs. 7.0%, P=0.01). In a landmark analysis, the rate of death or myocardial infarction from 8 days to 2 years was lower in the PCI group than in the medical-therapy group (4.6% vs. 8.0%, P=0.04). Among registry patients, the rate of the primary end point was 9.0% at 2 years. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with stable coronary artery disease, FFR-guided PCI, as compared with medical therapy alone, improved the outcome. Patients without ischemia had a favorable outcome with medical therapy alone. (Funded by St. Jude Medical; FAME 2 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01132495.)

Epidemiology of pterygium on a tropical island in the Riau Archipelago

10.1038/sj.eye.6702046Eye208908-91