AMPLIFICATION OF CYCLINE D1, C-MYC AND EGFR ONCOGENES IN TUMOUR SAMPLES OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS AMPLIFIKACIJA CIKLIN D1, C-MYC AND EGFR ONKOGENA U TUMORSKIM UZORCIMA PACIJENTKINJA OBOLELIH OD KANCERA DOJKE

Summary Background: Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer in women. It arises from multiple genetic changes in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Among so far studied oncogenes relatively few, including epdermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), cyclinD1 (CCND1)and cmyc, have been found to play an important role in progression of this type of human malignancy. The aim of this study was to examine the prognostic potential of CCND1, c-myc and EGFR amplification and their possible cooperation in breast carcinogenesis. Methods: Copy number analyses of CCND1 and c-myc genes were done by TaqMan based quantitative real time PCR. Am pli fication status of EGFR was determined by differential PCR

IMMUNOHISTOMORPHOMETRIC FEATURES OF ACTH CELLS IN JUVENILE RATS AFTER TREATMENT WITH ESTRADIOL OR HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN IMUNOHISTOMORFOMETRIJSKE ODLIKE ACTH ]ELIJA U JUVENILNIH PACOVA NAKON TRETMANA ESTRADIOLOM ILI HUMANIM HORIONSKIM GONADOTROPINOM

Summary: Estradiol and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) are very important in controlling the secretory activity of hormone producing cells in the female rat pituitary glands. The aim of the present study was to examine the morphometric parameters of immunohistochemically la be led ACTH cells in juvenile (16th day) female rat pituitaries after treatment with five doses of estradiol dipropionate (EDP) and two doses of hCG during the neonatal period of life. The controls were treated on the same schedule with an equivalent volume of vehicle. All animals were sacrificed 24 h after the last treatment. ACTH-producing cells were stu died using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunohistochemical procedure. The absolute and relative pituitary weights were increased (p<0.05) only in the EDP treated group by 120.0% and by 121.1% respectively, in comparison with the controls. In this group, the volume of ACTH cells, volume of their nuclei and vo lume density were significantly decreased (p<0.05) by 6.4%, 33.3% and 46.2% respectively, compared to the corresponding controls. After treatment with hCG, there were no significant (p>0.05) changes neither in the volume of ACTH cells nor in the volume of their nuclei, in comparison with the controls. On the basis of the results obtained in our study, it can be concluded that EDP, injected into female rats during the neonatal period of life, has an inhibitory effect on the immunohistomorphometric parameters of ACTH cells, but such an effect is not clearly expressed after treatment with hCG. Keywords: ACTH cells, EDP, hCG, female rats Kratak sadr`aj: Estradiol i humani horionski gonadotropin (hCG) veoma su va`ni u kontroli sekretorne aktivnosti }elija hipofize koje proizvode hormone. Cilj ove studije je bio ispitati morfometrijske parametre imunohistohemijski obele`enih ACTH }elija hipofize `enki pacova, u juvenilnom periodu (16. dan), nakon tretmana sa pet doza estradiol-dipropionata (EDP) ili dve doze humanog horionskog gonadotropina (hCG). Kontrole su bile tretirane na istovetan na~in sa odgovaraju}om koli~inom rastvara~a. Svè ivotinje su bile `rtvovane 24 h nakon poslednjeg tretmana. ACTH }elije su bile imunohistohemijski obele`ene metodom peroksidaza-antiperoksidaza (PAP). Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na zna~ajno pove}anje (p<0,05) apsolutne i relativne mase hipofize za 120% i 121,1% kod `enki tretiranih sa EDP u odnosu na kontrolu. U ovoj grupi `enki pacova volumen ACTH }elija i njihovih jedara, kao i njihova volumenska gustina su bili zna~ajno smanjeni (p<0,05) za 6,4%, 33,3% i 46,2% u pore|enju sa kontrolom. Nakon tretmana hCG-om, volumen ACTH }elija, kao i volumen njihovih jedara, nisu bili zna~ajno (p>0,05) promenjeni u odnosu na kontrolu. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata moemo zaklju~iti da EDP, injeciran `enkama pacova tokom neonatalnog perioda `ivota, ima inhibitorni efekat na imuno histomorfometrijske parametre ACTH }e lija, {to nije tako jasno izra`eno nakon tretmana hCG-om. Klju~ne re~i: ACTH }elije, EDP, hCG, `enke pacova J Med Biochem 2012; 3

EFFECTS OF CALCIUM ADMINISTRATION ON PARATHYROID GLAND, NaPi 2a COTRANSPORTER AND PTH1R IN AN ANIMAL MODEL OF THE ANDROPAUSE EFEKTI TRETMANA KALCIJUMOM NA PARATIREOIDNU @LEZDU, NaPi 2a KOTRANSPORTER I PTH1R U ANIMALNOM MODELU ANDROPAUZE

Summary Background: Increased risk of osteoporotic bone fractures represents the adverse event in andropausal men. Due to diminished calcium absorption in elderly, its supplementation is used for prevention and treatment of advanced-age osteoporosis. Methods: Sixteen-month-old Wistar rats were divided into sham-operated (SO), orchidectomized (Orx) and Ca 2+ -treated orchidectomized (Orx+Ca) groups. Ca 2+ (28.55 mg/kg b.w.) was administered intramuscularly for 3 weeks, while the SO and Orx received vehicle alone. Parathyroid glands (PTG) were analyzed histomorphometrically, while the expression of NaPi 2a mRNA from kidneys was determined by real time PCR. NaPi 2a and PTH1R abundance was detected immunofluorescently. Serum and urine parameters were determined biochemically. Results: The PTG volume was 15% (p<0.05) greater in Orx rats than in the SO group. In Orx+Ca 2+ animals, PTG volume was decreased by 17% (p<0.05), when compared to the Orx rats. Orchidectomy led to an increment of serum PTH of 13% (p<0.05) compared to the SO group, while Orx+Ca decreased it by 10% (p<0.05) when compared to Orx animals. The intensity of the NaPi 2a signal was reduced in Orx rats, in comparison with the SO group. Orx+Ca 2+ treatment increased the abundance of NaPi 2a