Avances tecnológicos en la revalorización de productos de la vinificación

La industria vitivinícola genera toneladasde subproductos como son el orujode uva,las semillas,las lías y el raspón, cuya gestión y eliminación suponen grandes problemas económicos y ambientales debido a su carácter estacional y a determinadas características contaminantes. El propósito de esta revisiónfue estudiar la composición de estos subproductos del vino para su aprovechamiento en la industria alimentaria, farmacéutica y cosmética; así como las diferentes técnicas de extracción empleadas para ello.El aprovechamiento de los subproductoses una interesante estrategia ya que permite reducir el impacto ecológico y se fomenta la obtención de nuevos productos de alto valor añadido. Esto supone una oportunidad de negocio rentable, además de realizar un claro beneficio medioambiental.Existen numerosas posibilidades de aprovechamiento de estos subproductos, algunas de ellas se encuentran aún en fase de investigación.Las características y la composición de estos subproductos generadosestán muy relacionadas con las técnicas de vinificación empleadas, que va a determinar el tipo de valorización al que se puede someter a estos residuos.En la alimentación,los subproductos del vino se utilizan fundamentalmente por su alto poder nutritivo, su riqueza en antioxidantes y por su contenido en fibra dietética.En el campo farmacéutico,se utilizan para mejorar los problemas de circulación sanguínea e incluso por sus beneficios para reducir los niveles de colesterol. Por último, en cosmética se utiliza por su capacidad como antioxidante que previene el envejecimiento cutáneo.Para poder aprovechar los subproductos del vino, es necesario aislar los componentes mediante las distintas técnicas de extracció

Does narrator variability facilitate incidental word learning in the classroom?

Published online: 20 September 2021Recent studies have revealed that presenting novel words across various contexts (i.e., contextual diversity) helps to consolidate the meaning of these words both in adults and children. This effect has been typically explained in terms of semantic distinctiveness (e.g., Semantic Distinctiveness Model, Jones et al., Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 66(2), 115, 2012). However, the relative influence of other, non-semantic, elements of the context is still unclear. In this study, we examined whether incidental learning of new words in children was facilitated when the words were uttered by several individuals rather than when they were uttered by the same individual. In the learning phase, the to-be-learned words were presented through audible fables recorded either by the same voice (low diversity) or by different voices (high diversity). Subsequently, word learning was assessed through two orthographic and semantic integration tasks. Results showed that words uttered by different voices were learned better than those uttered by the same voice. Thus, the benefits of contextual diversity in word learning extend beyond semantic differences among contexts; they also benefit from perceptual differences among contexts.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities: PSI2017-86210-P

Automatic organofacies identification by means of Machine Learning on Raman spectra

Funding Information: IFP Energies nouvelles (France) is warmly acknowledgment for kindly providing access to samples, laboratory facilities and unpublished database. Dr. Amalia Spina and Prof. Simonetta Cirilli from the University of Perugia are warmly acknowledged for the high-quality kerogen isolate extraction. This research was funded by: MIUR grants to Roma Tre PhD School in Earth Sciences (XXXIV doctoral cycle, 2018–2021) and IFP Energies nouvelles PhD program. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The AuthorsPeer reviewedPublisher PD

Functional range of motion of the hand joints in activities of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health

Study Design Cross-sectional research design. Introduction Active range of motion (AROM) is used as indicator of hand function. However, functional range of motion (FROM) data are limited, and fail to represent activities of daily living (ADL). Purpose of the Study To estimate dominant hand FROM in flexion, abduction and palmar arching in people under 50 years of age performing ADL. Methods AROMs and hand postures in 24 representative ADL of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) were recorded in 12 men and 12 women. FROM data were reported by activity and ICF area, and compared with AROMs. The relationship between ROM measures to gender and hand size was analyzed by correlation. Results FROM was 5° to 28° less than available AROM depending on the joint and movement performed. Discussion Joints do not necessarily move through full AROM while performing ADL which has benefits in retaining function despite loss of motion. This may also suggest that ADL alone are insufficient to retain or restore full AROM. Conclusions Therapists should consider FROM requirements and normal AROM when defining hand therapy goals, interventions and evaluating the success of treatment. Level of Evidence N/A.This research was funded by the Universitat Jaume I through projects P1·1B2013-33 and P1 1B2014-10 and by the Spanish Ministry of Research and Innovation and the European Union (European Regional Development Funds) through project DPI2014-52095-P

Does narrator variability facilitate incidental word learning in the classroom?

Recent studies have revealed that presenting novel words across various contexts (i.e., contextual diversity) helps to consolidate the meaning of these words both in adults and children. This effect has been typically explained in terms of semantic distinctiveness (e.g., Semantic Distinctiveness Model, Jones et al., Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 66(2), 115, 2012). However, the relative influence of other, non-semantic, elements of the context is still unclear. In this study, we examined whether incidental learning of new words in children was facilitated when the words were uttered by several individuals rather than when they were uttered by the same individual. In the learning phase, the to-be-learned words were presented through audible fables recorded either by the same voice (low diversity) or by different voices (high diversity). Subsequently, word learning was assessed through two orthographic and semantic integration tasks. Results showed that words uttered by different voices were learned better than those uttered by the same voice. Thus, the benefits of contextual diversity in word learning extend beyond semantic differences among contexts; they also benefit from perceptual differences among contexts.Psicologí

Assessing essential service provision for prevention and management of violence against women in a remote indigenous community in Amantaní, Peru

BACKGROUND: Women living in indigenous communities in Peru currently experience extremely high rates of intimate partner violence (IPV). Over the past 10 years, there has been a large multi-sectoral initiative to establish a national network of Centros de Emergencia de la Mujer (Women's Emergency Centres) that integrate health and police services, and substantial increase in efforts from non-governmental organisations in supporting survivors of violence. However, there is currently little evidence on how existing services meet the needs of indigenous women experiencing violence in Peru. METHODS: As part of a broader mixed-methods participatory VAWG prevention study, we assessed existing service provision for women experiencing violence in an indigenous Quechua community from Amantaní, Peru. This involved 17 key informant interviews with legal, government, police, and civil society representatives. We used the UN Women Essential Services Package for Women and Girls Subject to Violence framework to guide our analysis. RESULTS: Participants identified major gaps in existing services for indigenous women survivors of violence in Peru. They discussed survivors and perpetrators not being identified by the health system, a lack of IPV response training for health professionals, IPV not being prioritised as a health concern, and a lack of health services that are culturally appropriate for indigenous populations. Survivors who report to police are often treated poorly and discriminated against. Legal systems were perceived as insufficient and ineffective, with inadequate legal measures for perpetrators. While legal and policy frameworks exist, they are often not applied in practice. Service provision in this region needs to adopt an intercultural, rights based, gendered approach to IPV response and prevention, considering cultural and linguistic relevance for indigenous populations. CONCLUSION: The role of structural violence in perpetuating indigenous women's experiences of violence and undermining their access to services must be central to designing and implementing appropriate policies and services if they are to meet the needs of indigenous women in Peru

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of resistance to macrolides and lincosamides in streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women in Misiones, Argentina

The aim of this work was to determine the susceptibility, molecular profile, and clonal relationship in Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus [GBS]) isolated from vaginal-rectal swab samples. We worked with 200 isolates collected from pregnant women between 35 and 37 weeks of gestation. The macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance phenotypes were determined using the double-disc assay. Susceptibility to erythromycin (ERI) and clindamycin (CLI) was performed with the E-test. Resistance genes ermB and ermTR were detected by polymerase chain reaction. Clonal studies were performed using the random amplification of polymorphic DNA. Twelve (6%) of the isolates were resistant to ERI and 10 (5%) of them to CLI. Fifty percent of the resistant strains corresponded to serotype III, 25% to serotype V, and the remaining 25% to serotype Ia, II, and nontypeable strains. The cMLSB phenotype was detected in eight strains (66.67%) and the iMLSB phenotype in four (33.33%). The minimum inhibitory concentration values were between 1.5 and 16 μg/mL for ERI, and between 1 and 32 μg/mL for CLI. Out of the 25 strains susceptible to ERI and CLI, the presence of the ermB gene was detected in eight of them and the ermTR gene in one strain. The ermB gene was detected in the 12 strains that initially had some macrolide resistance phenotype. The ermTR gene was detected in three out of the four strains with the iMLSB phenotype. The resistance to macrolides in the province of Misiones is due to multiclonal spread. The phenotypic and genotypic characterization of macrolide resistance in GBS strains are crucial to contribute to the correct intrapartum prophylactic antibiotic therapy of allergic pregnant women and the epidemiological surveillance of these strains.Fil: Novosak, Marina Gisel. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Bobadilla, Fernando Javier. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; ArgentinaFil: Delgado, Osvaldo Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Catamarca; ArgentinaFil: Vergara, Marta Ines. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología; ArgentinaFil: Laczeski, Margarita Ester. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Microbiología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica. Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular; Argentin