Untersuchungen zur chemischen Verteidigung der invasiven Grünalge Caulerpa taxifolia

Die schnelle Ausbreitung des mediterranen Stamms der Grünalge C. taxifolia im Mittelmeer und im Nordamerikanischen Pazifik wird durch viele Faktoren begünstigt. Als einer dieser Faktoren wurde die chemische Verteidigung der Alge diskutiert. Zu Beginn der Arbeit lagen nur wenig Untersuchungen zur Wehrchemie von C. taxifolia vor. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Rolle des Caulerpenins während der Wundreaktion untersucht und gezeigt, welchen Einfluss dieses Sesquiterpen auf das Überleben der Alge hat

Ni:Si as Barrier Material for a Solderable PVD Metallization of Silicon Solar Cells

AbstractWe study Ni:Si as a barrier material for the PVD metallization of silicon solar cells and investigate the long term solderability of Al/Ni:Si/Ag metal stacks in terms of peel forces and contact resistances. For this purpose, solar cell connectors are soldered on the Al/Ni:Si/Ag stacks in three different aging states: directly after metallization, after accelerated storage and after storage for six months. The thickness of the Ni:Si layer is varied in these tests. Furthermore we measure the contact resistance between cell interconnect ribbons and the test stack. To assess possible contamination of the Si by the metals we measure the effective lifetime of electron hole pairs during a regularly interrupted thermal treatment procedure. The samples with 200nm or thicker Ni:Si layers soldered with the lead-containing solder and the flux 952S perform best and pass all tests

Overview and Roadmap of Hydrogen Utilization in Industry

Hydrogen has emerged as a promising solution for achieving a sustainable economy in various sectors of the industry. This paper provides an overview of the utilization of hydrogen in various industrial applications, including energy and heat supply in industrial processes, raw material utilization, and transportation. The benefit and role of hydrogen in the decarbonization of industries are discussed, highlighting its potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions of energy-intensive industries. The good storage capabilities of hydrogen offer a solution to decouple the availability of renewable energy from its generation time and to increase the energy flexibility. Additionally, the paper examines the strategic aspects of hydrogen deployment in Germany, such as policy considerations, the economic viability of hydrogen technologies, external influences like importation, and the current technical challenges associated with its widespread adoption. By considering these aspects, an overview and roadmap for the integration of hydrogen in industrial sectors are presented, offering recommendations for a successful hydrogen transition

NAIL-MS reveals the repair of 2-methylthiocytidine by AlkB in E. coli

RNAs contain post-transcriptional modifications, which fulfill a variety of functions in translation, secondary structure stabilization and cellular stress survival. Here, 2-methylthiocytidine (ms(2)C) is identified in tRNA of E. coli and P. aeruginosa using NAIL-MS (nucleic acid isotope labeling coupled mass spectrometry) in combination with genetic screening experiments. ms(2)C is only found in 2-thiocytidine (s(2)C) containing tRNAs, namely tRNA(CCG)(Arg), tRNA(ICG)(Ar)(g), tRNA(UCU)(Arg) and tRNA(GCU)(Ser )at low abundances. ms(2)C is not formed by, commonly known tRNA methyltransferases. Instead, we observe its formation in vitro and in vivo during exposure to methylating agents. More than half of the s(2)C containing tRNA can be methylated to carry ms(2)C. With a pulse-chase NAIL-MS experiment, the repair mechanism by AlkB dependent sulfur demethylation is demonstrated in vivo. Overall, we describe ms(2)C as a bacterial tRNA modification and damage product. Its repair by AlkB and other pathways is demonstrated in vivo by our powerful NAIL-MS approach

A Framework for Better Evaluations of Supply Chain Collaborations: Evidence from the Dutch Fast Moving Consumer Goods Industry

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework to better evaluate potential supply chain collaborations (SCCs). Design/methodology/approach – Prior research is used to develop a conceptual framework of all relevant factors, both drivers and resistors, which is, next, empirically tested in the Dutch fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry. Findings –The study provides a complete overview of all potential factors that should be evaluated before starting SSCs, categorized in “benefits”, “forces”, “enablers/barriers” and “risks”. Research limitations/implications – The sample of the study only consists of parties from one Dutch industry. Further research in other geographical areas and/or industries may result in stronger support. Furthermore, the importance of each driver and resistor has not been quantified for the specific party and collaboration. Quantifying the factors for each party might be beneficial and should also be considered in further research. Practical implications – The study provides a checklist containing all potential factors for all parties involved. Originality/value –This paper enriches the supply chain management (SCM) literature with an extensive specification of all potential drivers and resistors for starting SCCs structured in a framework