4 research outputs found
ΠΠΊΡΠ»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ±Π° ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°: ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅Π² ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΡΡ
The article considers the ex-libris of Gottlieb Beratz, the priest of the German settlement in the Volga region (late 19th β early 20th century), presented in the rare small-format edition of Marco Poloβs book βTravelsβ published in the first third of the 19th century. The study of bookplates in rare editions is important as an additional source for the analysis of history of a book, the authorβs biography and the history of bibliophilic collections or a specific copy of a book. Presented for the first time detailed description of the ex-libris of G. Beratz, being a contribution of the study of Russian bookplates, may help in the search for the book collection of scientific interest, based on the presented edition available in the LNS RAS and considering the personality of the owner. In this regard, the author examined the stamps on the Marco Poloβs book, which indicated the movement of the book from G. Beratzβs library to Saratov institutions, and then to Moscow. The author describes in general terms the technique of ex-libris of G. Beratz, technological process of phototype and zincography. The article suggests that ex-libris was made in the typolithographic printing of G.Kh. Shelgorn, where G. Beratz published his works. The owner of the book collection, which included Marco Poloβs βTravelsβ, was not only a priest of the German parish in the Volga region, but also a writer, playwright and scientist, well known in the circles of historians. He was the author of scientific work about the migration of Germans to the Volga region, published not only in Russia but also in Germany. The article briefly describes the history of creation of the book by Marco Polo with reference to the biographical details of the traveller, as well as the main periods of the biography of the Pastor G. Beratz, owner of a large bibliophilic collection.Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ±Π° ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°, ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΡΠ΅ (ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ XIX β Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ Π₯Π₯ Π².), ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎ Β«ΠΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΒ», ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ XIX Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ, Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ°, ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ·Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ° Π. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π° Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ, ΡΡΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡΡ Π² ΠΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΊ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΠ°. Π ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠ·Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ Π. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ Π. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° Π² ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π° Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΌΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅. Π ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ° Π. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°, ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ Π² ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π.Π₯. Π¨Π΅Π»ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ½Π°, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π» ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Β«ΠΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΒ» Π. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎ, Π±ΡΠ» Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ, Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π² ΠΊΡΡΠ³Π°Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΌ, Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅Π² Π² ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΡΠ΅, ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π² ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ. Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ Π. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎ Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° Π. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°, Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΠ° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ XVIIIβXIX Π²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΊ
It is known that the history of book collections of past centuriesβ libraries, including military ones, is tragic: for many reasons, they are often either scattered or preserved in small fragments. Today, when libraries intensively work to digitize their holdings and search out historical book collections, it is very important to identify and attribute books from foreign, as well as from Russian military libraries.For the first time, the article describes the work carried out to identify publications of foreign (and partly Russian) military libraries from the rare books collection of the Library for Natural Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The article considers the publications as a source of information about scientific knowledge (military libraries were aimed to acquaint their readers with the basics of military art and the latest achievements in military science). There is shown that the content of such librariesβ collections did not exclude thematic diversity, targeted to comprehensively form the officerβs personality: professional, moral and cultural. The article examines the books of the 18thβ19th centuries from military libraries of Europe, currently stored in the Library for Natural Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the book marks in them proving the publicationsβ belonging to specific military libraries. There is highlighted the importance of book marks for the attribution of collections (and libraries) that existed in the past, but turned out to be scattered. The results obtained show that the publications and book marks of military book collections are a strong and reliable source in studying the history of military affairs, military science, and the history of military libraries, and confirm the need for further serious work with the libraryβs rare book collection.ΠΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΡ
Π²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ², Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
, ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΠ½Π°: ΠΏΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Ρ
. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
(ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
) Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π² ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΊ (ΠΠΠ Π ΠΠ). ΠΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
(Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠ΅). ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π° Π²ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°: ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΌΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π½ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³ΠΈ XVIIIβXIX Π²Π². ΠΈΠ· Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΡ, Π½ΡΠ½Π΅ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄Π°Ρ
ΠΠΠ Π ΠΠ; ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ±ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ (ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ), ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π²ΡΠΈΡ
Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π²ΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΈ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°, Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΌ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) 3D-ScaffoldβConduit for Guided Tissue Sprouting
Scaffold biocompatibility remains an urgent problem in tissue engineering. An especially interesting problem is guided cell intergrowth and tissue sprouting using a porous scaffold with a special design. Two types of structures were obtained from poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) using a salt leaching technique. In flat scaffolds (scaffold-1), one side was more porous (pore size 100β300 ΞΌm), while the other side was smoother (pore size 10β50 ΞΌm). Such scaffolds are suitable for the in vitro cultivation of rat mesenchymal stem cells and 3T3 fibroblasts, and, upon subcutaneous implantation to older rats, they cause moderate inflammation and the formation of a fibrous capsule. Scaffold-2s are homogeneous volumetric hard sponges (pore size 30β300 ΞΌm) with more structured pores. They were suitable for the in vitro culturing of 3T3 fibroblasts. Scaffold-2s were used to manufacture a conduit from the PHB/PHBV tube with scaffold-2 as a filler. The subcutaneous implantation of such conduits to older rats resulted in gradual soft connective tissue sprouting through the filler material of the scaffold-2 without any visible inflammatory processes. Thus, scaffold-2 can be used as a guide for connective tissue sprouting. The obtained data are advanced studies for reconstructive surgery and tissue engineering application for the elderly patients
Perspective Chapter: The Role of Interferon Gamma in Clinical Medicine
Interferon gamma (IFN-Ξ³) is one of the key factors of both innate and adaptive immune response that promotes differentiation of naive CD4+ cells into effector Th1 T cells producing the main mediators of cellular immunity against viral and intracellular bacterial infections, and specific cytotoxic immunity through the interaction of T cells with antigen-presenting cells and macrophage activation. The clinical importance of IFN-Ξ³ includes its medical use to treat and prevent various viral and bacterial infections. IFN-Ξ³ has a direct antiviral effect on infected cells, activates local infiltrating dendritic cells, macrophages and NK cells, modulates the differentiation and maturation of T and B cells, and enhances inflammation and antiviral functions. Immunoregulatory effect of IFN-Ξ³ plays one of the essential roles in the regulation of adaptive immune response in patients with tuberculosis infection and cancer. Producing IFN-Ξ³ by T cells increases the efficiency of infiltrated phagocytic cells, by stimulating NO and maintaining local host defense during tuberculosis infection. The direct antitumor effect of IFN-Ξ³ revealed in several experimental models has numerous mechanisms for the effect of development. IFN-Ξ³ has crucial potential for enhancing any antiviral, antimycobacterial, and specific antitumor therapies