Efaproxiral red blood cell concentration predicts efficacy in patients with brain metastases

Efaproxiral (Efaproxyn™, RSR13), a synthetic allosteric modifier of haemoglobin (Hb), decreases Hb-oxygen (O2) binding affinity and enhances oxygenation of hypoxic tumours during radiation therapy. This analysis evaluated the Phase 3, Radiation Enhancing Allosteric Compound for Hypoxic Brain Metastases; RT-009 (REACH) study efficacy results in relation to efaproxiral exposure (efaproxiral red blood cell concentration (E-RBC) and number of doses). Recursive partitioning analysis Class I or II patients with brain metastases from solid tumours received standard whole-brain radiation therapy (3 Gy/fraction × 10 days), plus supplemental O2 (4 l/min), either with efaproxiral (75 or 100 mg/kg daily) or without (control). Efaproxiral red blood cell concentrations were linearly extrapolated to all efaproxiral doses received. Three patient populations were analysed: (1) all eligible, (2) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as primary cancer, and (3) breast cancer primary. Efficacy endpoints were survival and response rate. Brain metastases patients achieving sufficient E-RBC (⩾483 μg/ml) and receiving at least seven of 10 efaproxiral doses were most likely to experience survival and response benefits. Patients with breast cancer primary tumours generally achieved the target efaproxiral exposure and therefore gained greater benefit from efaproxiral treatment than NSCLC patients. This analysis defined the efaproxiral concentration-dependence in survival and response rate improvement, and provided a clearer understanding of efaproxiral dosing requirements

End the myth! On value investing's incompatibility with Austrian economics

International audienceThe failure of mainstream strategies in the recent financial crisis, allied with the success of value investors like Warren Buffett, has meant the value investing strategy has recently attracted an extraordinary volume of attention. Several Austrian economists have focused on value investing and unanimously adjudged it to be a useful strategy, and one that is aligned with Austrian economics. Unfortunately, the scope of previous research is limited to identifying the main common ground between value investing and Austrian economics, particularly the crucial distinction between value and price, whereas potential discrepancies have not yet been revealed. In order to investigate whether value investing is indeed friend or foe to Austrian economics, it is crucial to analyze how these discrepancies potentially affect the compatibility of the two concepts

End the myth! On value investing's incompatibility with Austrian economics

International audienc

End the myth! On value investing's incompatibility with Austrian economics

International audienceThe failure of mainstream strategies in the recent financial crisis, allied with the success of value investors like Warren Buffett, has meant the value investing strategy has recently attracted an extraordinary volume of attention. Several Austrian economists have focused on value investing and unanimously adjudged it to be a useful strategy, and one that is aligned with Austrian economics. Unfortunately, the scope of previous research is limited to identifying the main common ground between value investing and Austrian economics, particularly the crucial distinction between value and price, whereas potential discrepancies have not yet been revealed. In order to investigate whether value investing is indeed friend or foe to Austrian economics, it is crucial to analyze how these discrepancies potentially affect the compatibility of the two concepts

Value investing's compatibility with Austrian economics - truth or myth?

International audienc

Subjectivity, arbitrariness, Austrian value theory, and a reply to Leithner

International audienc

End the myth! On value investing's incompatibility with Austrian economics

International audienc

Value investing's compatibility with Austrian economics - truth or myth?

International audienc