El aumento de violencia contra la mujer, y la ineficacia de las medidas de protección en Surco, 2020

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue Determinar la relación entre el aumento de violencia contra la mujer y la ineficacia de las medidas de protección en Surco, 2020. Materiales y Métodos el estudio fue de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal, en una población conformada por 240 mujeres las cuales fueron atendidas en el Centro de Emergencia de Mujer de la Comisaría de Sagitario en el Distrito de Surco, de las cuales 147 fueron encuestadas en merito a las variables. Los datos recolectados fueron vaciados en la base SPSS y procesados con la prueba de percentiles. Resultados: El 47% de mujeres encuestadas ha sufrido de maltrato, solo un 6.8% no ha tenido algún tipo de agresión. El 48% ha tenido agresión física, el 46.9% ha sufrido de agresión sexual, un 36.7% ha tenido agresión psicológica. Un 35.4% estima que los operadores de justicia no aplican en forma debida las medidas de protección, para el 64.4%no existen garantías de cumplimiento en dichas medidas. El 46.6% considera que el Estado no hace que el agresor se retire del domicilio donde es atacada. El 46.3% estima que los miembros de la PNP no tienen interés en que se cumplan las medidas de protección. Conclusiones: existe una moderada correlación frente al grado de significancia estadística determinada por el Rho=, 626, con valor de p=, 000 (p < .05) validando que: Existe relación significativa entre el aumento de violencia contra la mujer y la ineficacia de las medidas de protección en Surco, 2020The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between the increase in violence against women and the ineffectiveness of protection measures in Surco, 2020. Materials and Methods the study was quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional, in a population made up of 240 women which were treated at the Women's Emergency Center of the Sagittarius Police Station in the District of Surco , 147 were surveyed on the basis of the variables. The data collected were emptied into the SPSS database and processed with the percentile test. Results: 47% of women surveyed have suffered abuse, only 6.8% have not had some type of aggression. 48% have had physical aggression, 46.9% have suffered sexual aggression, 36.7% have had psychological aggression. 35.4% estimate that justice operators do not properly apply the protection measures, for 64.4% there are no guarantees of compliance with said measures. 46.6% consider that the State does not make the aggressor leave the home where he is attacked. 46.3% estimate that the members of the PNP have no interest in the compliance with the protection measures. Conclusions: there is a moderate correlation with the degree of statistical significance determined by the Rho = .626, with a value of p = .000 (p <.05), validating that: There is a significant relationship between the increase in violence against women and ineffectiveness of protection measures in Surco, 2020

Ley 30364 Sobre Violencia Familiar Como Un Mecanismo Legal Protector

El 23 de noviembre del 2015 se publicó en el Diario El Peruano la Ley 30364, Ley para Prevenir, Sancionar, y Erradicar la Violencia Contra las Mujeres y los Integrantes del Grupo Familiar, la misma que derogó a la Ley 26260, Ley de Protección Frente a la Violencia Familiar. Se pensó en una nueva ley para ayudar en la lucha contra la violencia de género; sin embargo, se puede afirmar que a través de esta nueva herramienta jurídica se incorporan mecanismos ineficaces para proteger a las mujeres víctimas de actos de violencia. En ese sentido, se recibió información del Centro de Emergencia Mujer ubicado en la Comisaria de Sagitario del distrito de Santiago de Surco, pudiendo observar la cantidad de casos que son atendidos por violencia psicológica, física y económica, que en gran mayoría son mujeres las víctimas. Asimismo, se puede verificar que el procedimiento incorporado en la Ley 30364 para la remisión de los casos denunciados a las Fiscalías Penales tienen resultados ineficaces, así como el procedimiento incorporado para la emisión de medidas de protección de las mujeres víctimas de violencia. Se puede indicar del análisis de la Ley 30364 que siendo el plazo para emitir medidas de protección de 72 horas, no se cumple, y por otro lado no se han establecido acciones concretas que permitan efectivizar el cumplimiento de estas medidas de protección inicialmente dictadas por el Juez de Familia. Asimismo, los casos que se derivan a las Fiscalías Penales, en algunas situaciones se remiten sin los protocolos de pericia física o psicológica tal como se pudo observar en la jurisprudencia nacional que analice en el presente trabajo no brindando la ayuda ni el apoyo suficiente a la víctima. En ese sentido se puede comprobar que la vigente ley aún no garantiza plenamente los derechos de las mujeres víctimas de violencia puesto que incorpora mecanismos ineficaces para su protección y los actores de justicia como la policía nacional, fiscales o jueces no realizan de manera adecuada y en el momento indicado su trabajo.On November 23, 2015, the Peruvian law 30364 was published in the Peruvian newspaper EL PERUANO, a law to prevent, punish, and eradicate violence against women and members of the family group, the same which repealed law 26260, law to protection against family violence. A new law was thought to help in the fight against gender violence; however, it can be affirmed that through this new legal tool, ineffective mechanisms are incorporated to protect women victims of acts of violence. In this sense, information was received from the Women Emergency Center located in the Sagittarius Commissary of the district of Santiago de Surco, being able to observe the quantity of cases that are attended by psychological, physical and economic violence, that in great majority are women the victims. It can also be verified that the incorporated procedure in the law 30364, for the referral of cases reported to the Criminal Prosecutor's Offices have ineffective results, as well as the procedure incorporated for the issuance of protection measures for women victims of violence. It can be indicated from the analysis of Law 30364 that the deadline to issue 72-hour protection measures, it is not complied with, and on the other hand, no concrete actions have been established to allow compliance with these protective measures initially dictated by the Family Court Judge. Likewise, the cases that are referred to the Criminal Prosecutor's Offices, in some situations are referred without the protocols of physical or psychological expertise as it was observed in the national jurisprudence that analyzes in the present work not providing the help or the sufficient support to the victim. In this sense it can be verified that the current law still does not fully guarantee the rights of women victims of violence since it incorporates ineffective mechanisms for their protection and justice actors such as the national police, prosecutors or judges do not perform their work properly and at the right time.Trabajo de investigació

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals &lt;1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

Acceso a la información pública y mejora del servicio al ciudadano en la Municipalidad distrital de Villa El Salvador, 2021

Esta investigación busca determinar la relación que existe entre el acceso a la información pública y la mejora del servicio al ciudadano en la Municipalidad Distrital de Villa El Salvador, 2021. En cuanto a la metodología, tiene un diseño no experimental de alcance correlacional – descriptivo de corte transversal. Respecto a la población, estuvo compuesta de 242 representantes de los comedores populares del distrito, de ellos 148 fueron seleccionados como parte de la muestra. Para el recojo de información se utilizaron dos instrumentos elaborados por el investigador en base a las variables y dimensiones. Así, los resultados obtenidos indican que es predominante un nivel regular (59 %) de acceso a la información pública y un 60 % en un nivel regular de mejora del servicio al ciudadano. Además, se comprobó que existe una correlación positiva considerable entre el acceso a la información pública y la mejora del servicio al ciudadano; un coeficiente de correlación igual a 0.840 con un nivel de significancia inferior a 0.05. De este modo, se concluyó que existe una relación significativa entre el acceso a la información pública y la mejora del servicio al ciudadano en la Municipalidad Distrital de Villa El Salvador, 2021. Asimismo, existe una relación significativa entre el portal de acceso a la información y la mejora del servicio al ciudadano en la Municipalidad Distrital de Villa El Salvador, 2021.Tambien se demostró que existe una relación significativa entre el acceso a la información pública del estado y la mejora del servicio al ciudadano en la Municipalidad Distrital de Villa El Salvador, 2021. Por último, existe una relación significativa entre la transparencia sobre la gestión y la mejora del servicio al ciudadano en la Municipalidad Distrital de Villa El Salvador, 2021

Ley 30364 Sobre Violencia Familiar Como Un Mecanismo Legal Protector

On November 23, 2015, the Peruvian law 30364 was published in the Peruvian newspaper EL PERUANO, a law to prevent, punish, and eradicate violence against women and members of the family group, the same which repealed law 26260, law to protection against family violence. A new law was thought to help in the fight against gender violence; however, it can be affirmed that through this new legal tool, ineffective mechanisms are incorporated to protect women victims of acts of violence. In this sense, information was received from the Women Emergency Center located in the Sagittarius Commissary of the district of Santiago de Surco, being able to observe the quantity of cases that are attended by psychological, physical and economic violence, that in great majority are women the victims. It can also be verified that the incorporated procedure in the law 30364, for the referral of cases reported to the Criminal Prosecutor's Offices have ineffective results, as well as the procedure incorporated for the issuance of protection measures for women victims of violence. It can be indicated from the analysis of Law 30364 that the deadline to issue 72-hour protection measures, it is not complied with, and on the other hand, no concrete actions have been established to allow compliance with these protective measures initially dictated by the Family Court Judge. Likewise, the cases that are referred to the Criminal Prosecutor's Offices, in some situations are referred without the protocols of physical or psychological expertise as it was observed in the national jurisprudence that analyzes in the present work not providing the help or the sufficient support to the victim. In this sense it can be verified that the current law still does not fully guarantee the rights of women victims of violence since it incorporates ineffective mechanisms for their protection and justice actors such as the national police, prosecutors or judges do not perform their work properly and at the right time.Trabajo de investigaciónEl 23 de noviembre del 2015 se publicó en el Diario El Peruano la Ley 30364, Ley para Prevenir, Sancionar, y Erradicar la Violencia Contra las Mujeres y los Integrantes del Grupo Familiar, la misma que derogó a la Ley 26260, Ley de Protección Frente a la Violencia Familiar. Se pensó en una nueva ley para ayudar en la lucha contra la violencia de género; sin embargo, se puede afirmar que a través de esta nueva herramienta jurídica se incorporan mecanismos ineficaces para proteger a las mujeres víctimas de actos de violencia. En ese sentido, se recibió información del Centro de Emergencia Mujer ubicado en la Comisaria de Sagitario del distrito de Santiago de Surco, pudiendo observar la cantidad de casos que son atendidos por violencia psicológica, física y económica, que en gran mayoría son mujeres las víctimas. Asimismo, se puede verificar que el procedimiento incorporado en la Ley 30364 para la remisión de los casos denunciados a las Fiscalías Penales tienen resultados ineficaces, así como el procedimiento incorporado para la emisión de medidas de protección de las mujeres víctimas de violencia. Se puede indicar del análisis de la Ley 30364 que siendo el plazo para emitir medidas de protección de 72 horas, no se cumple, y por otro lado no se han establecido acciones concretas que permitan efectivizar el cumplimiento de estas medidas de protección inicialmente dictadas por el Juez de Familia. Asimismo, los casos que se derivan a las Fiscalías Penales, en algunas situaciones se remiten sin los protocolos de pericia física o psicológica tal como se pudo observar en la jurisprudencia nacional que analice en el presente trabajo no brindando la ayuda ni el apoyo suficiente a la víctima. En ese sentido se puede comprobar que la vigente ley aún no garantiza plenamente los derechos de las mujeres víctimas de violencia puesto que incorpora mecanismos ineficaces para su protección y los actores de justicia como la policía nacional, fiscales o jueces no realizan de manera adecuada y en el momento indicado su trabajo

Reduction of cardiac imaging tests during the COVID-19 pandemic: The case of Italy. Findings from the IAEA Non-invasive Cardiology Protocol Survey on COVID-19 (INCAPS COVID)

Background: In early 2020, COVID-19 massively hit Italy, earlier and harder than any other European country. This caused a series of strict containment measures, aimed at blocking the spread of the pandemic. Healthcare delivery was also affected when resources were diverted towards care of COVID-19 patients, including intensive care wards. Aim of the study: The aim is assessing the impact of COVID-19 on cardiac imaging in Italy, compare to the Rest of Europe (RoE) and the World (RoW). Methods: A global survey was conducted in May–June 2020 worldwide, through a questionnaire distributed online. The survey covered three periods: March and April 2020, and March 2019. Data from 52 Italian centres, a subset of the 909 participating centres from 108 countries, were analyzed. Results: In Italy, volumes decreased by 67% in March 2020, compared to March 2019, as opposed to a significantly lower decrease (p &lt; 0.001) in RoE and RoW (41% and 40%, respectively). A further decrease from March 2020 to April 2020 summed up to 76% for the North, 77% for the Centre and 86% for the South. When compared to the RoE and RoW, this further decrease from March 2020 to April 2020 in Italy was significantly less (p = 0.005), most likely reflecting the earlier effects of the containment measures in Italy, taken earlier than anywhere else in the West. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic massively hit Italy and caused a disruption of healthcare services, including cardiac imaging studies. This raises concern about the medium- and long-term consequences for the high number of patients who were denied timely diagnoses and the subsequent lifesaving therapies and procedures

Impact of COVID-19 on Diagnostic Cardiac Procedural Volume in Oceania: The IAEA Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocol Survey on COVID-19 (INCAPS COVID)

Objectives: The INCAPS COVID Oceania study aimed to assess the impact caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiac procedure volume provided in the Oceania region. Methods: A retrospective survey was performed comparing procedure volumes within March 2019 (pre-COVID-19) with April 2020 (during first wave of COVID-19 pandemic). Sixty-three (63) health care facilities within Oceania that perform cardiac diagnostic procedures were surveyed, including a mixture of metropolitan and regional, hospital and outpatient, public and private sites, and 846 facilities outside of Oceania. The percentage change in procedure volume was measured between March 2019 and April 2020, compared by test type and by facility. Results: In Oceania, the total cardiac diagnostic procedure volume was reduced by 52.2% from March 2019 to April 2020, compared to a reduction of 75.9% seen in the rest of the world (p&lt;0.001). Within Oceania sites, this reduction varied significantly between procedure types, but not between types of health care facility. All procedure types (other than stress cardiac magnetic resonance [CMR] and positron emission tomography [PET]) saw significant reductions in volume over this time period (p&lt;0.001). In Oceania, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) decreased by 51.6%, transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) by 74.0%, and stress tests by 65% overall, which was more pronounced for stress electrocardiograph (ECG) (81.8%) and stress echocardiography (76.7%) compared to stress single-photon emission computerised tomography (SPECT) (44.3%). Invasive coronary angiography decreased by 36.7% in Oceania. Conclusion: A significant reduction in cardiac diagnostic procedure volume was seen across all facility types in Oceania and was likely a function of recommendations from cardiac societies and directives from government to minimise spread of COVID-19 amongst patients and staff. Longer term evaluation is important to assess for negative patient outcomes which may relate to deferral of usual models of care within cardiology

International Impact of COVID-19 on the Diagnosis of Heart Disease

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has adversely affected diagnosis and treatment of noncommunicable diseases. Its effects on delivery of diagnostic care for cardiovascular disease, which remains the leading cause of death worldwide, have not been quantified. Objectives: The study sought to assess COVID-19's impact on global cardiovascular diagnostic procedural volumes and safety practices. Methods: The International Atomic Energy Agency conducted a worldwide survey assessing alterations in cardiovascular procedure volumes and safety practices resulting from COVID-19. Noninvasive and invasive cardiac testing volumes were obtained from participating sites for March and April 2020 and compared with those from March 2019. Availability of personal protective equipment and pandemic-related testing practice changes were ascertained. Results: Surveys were submitted from 909 inpatient and outpatient centers performing cardiac diagnostic procedures, in 108 countries. Procedure volumes decreased 42% from March 2019 to March 2020, and 64% from March 2019 to April 2020. Transthoracic echocardiography decreased by 59%, transesophageal echocardiography 76%, and stress tests 78%, which varied between stress modalities. Coronary angiography (invasive or computed tomography) decreased 55% (p &lt; 0.001 for each procedure). In multivariable regression, significantly greater reduction in procedures occurred for centers in countries with lower gross domestic product. Location in a low-income and lower–middle-income country was associated with an additional 22% reduction in cardiac procedures and less availability of personal protective equipment and telehealth. Conclusions: COVID-19 was associated with a significant and abrupt reduction in cardiovascular diagnostic testing across the globe, especially affecting the world's economically challenged. Further study of cardiovascular outcomes and COVID-19–related changes in care delivery is warranted