Direct observation of vortices in an array of holes at low temperature: temperature dependance and first visualization of localized superconductivity

A scanning micro superconducting quantum interference device (microSQUID) microscope is used to directly image vortices in a superconducting Al thin film. We observe the temperature dependence of the vortex distribution in a regular defect (hole) array patterned into the Al film. The first direct observation of the localized superconducting state around the holes is shown as well as the effect of the hole size on nucleation of the superconducting state