EKSPLORASI KETERAMPILAN GENERIK SAINS SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN KIMIA DI SMA NEGERI 9 SEMARANG

Keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi mencakup keterampilan dasar, keterampilan berpikir kritis, dan keterampilan berpikir kreatif. Keterampilan dasar yang dimaksudkan yaitu keterampilan dasar (generik) sains. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi keterampilan generik sains siswa pada materi Stuktur Atom dam Sistem Periodik Unsur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pre-experiment design dengan rancangan penelitian One-Shot Case Study. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik pengukuran menggunakan instrumen soal keterampilan generik sains siswa. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai rata-rata keterampilan generik sains siswa pada aspek pengamatan tidak langsung langsung sebesar 32,83, aspek sense of scala sebesar  48,43, aspek bahasa simbolik sebesar 74,87, aspek logika taat azas sebesar 72,55, aspek membangun konsep sebesar 78,67, aspek abstraksi sebesar 81,5, dan aspek inferensi logika sebesar 66,66. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa banyak siswa yang belum menguasai keterampilan generik sains pada materi Struktur Atom dan Sistem Periodik Unsur  yang diberikan. Dari tujuh aspek yang diujikan dalam bentuk soal ulangan harian, aspek abstraksi memperoleh nilai rata-rata yang tertinggi, sedangkan nilai rata-rata terendah diperoleh dari aspek pengamatan tidak langsun

A comparison of repaired, remanufactured and new compressors used in Western Australian small- and medium-sized enterprises in terms of global warming

Repaired compressors are compared with remanufactured and new compressors in terms of economic andenvironmental benefits. A detailed life cycle assessment has been carried out for compressors under threemanufacturing strategies: repaired, remanufactured and new equipment. The life cycle assessment of the globalwarming potential of repaired compressors varies from 4.38 to 119 kg carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-e),depending on the type of components replaced. While greenhouse gas emissions from the remanufacturedcompressors (110 to 168 kg CO2-e) are relatively higher than those from the repaired ones (4.4 to 119 kg CO2-e), anew compressor has been found to produce a larger amount of greenhouse gas emissions (1,590 kg CO2-e)compared to both repaired and remanufactured compressors. Repairing failed compressors has been found to offerend users both dollar and carbon savings in contrast to remanufactured and new compressors. The research alsofound that extended lifetime is more important than the manufacturing processes in terms of greenhouse gasemissions. Since a remanufactured compressor offers a longer life than a repaired compressor, the replacement ofthe latter with the former can avoid 33% to 66% of the greenhouse gas emissions associated with a newcompressor production with a lifetime of 15 to 25 years

A decomposition algorithm for robust lot sizing problem with remanufacturing option

In this paper, we propose a decomposition procedure for constructing robust optimal production plans for reverse inventory systems. Our method is motivated by the need of overcoming the excessive computational time requirements, as well as the inaccuracies caused by imprecise representations of problem parameters. The method is based on a min-max formulation that avoids the excessive conservatism of the dualization technique employed by Wei et al. (2011). We perform a computational study using our decomposition framework on several classes of computer generated test instances and we report our experience. Bienstock and Özbay (2008) computed optimal base stock levels for the traditional lot sizing problem when the production cost is linear and we extend this work here by considering return inventories and setup costs for production. We use the approach of Bertsimas and Sim (2004) to model the uncertainties in the input

The manufacturer's value chain as a service - the case of remanufacturing

Manufacturing enterprises globally have already largely adopted the product-service strategy into their operations. However, due to gradual commoditization of services, manufacturing enterprises will have to further extend this strategy. One possibility is for manufacturers to servitize, not only their final products, but also a part of their value chain, with the aim of increasing their long-term competitive advantage. In this article, the application of servitization to remanufacturing, as a set of operational and business competences and processes, is conceptualized. By offering remanufacturing as a service, manufacturers will create an additional revenue stream. The synergies created from integrating remanufacturing into an enterprise with a product-service system are scrutinized. The impact of offering remanufacturing as a service (servitizing) is then assessed from the perspective of the competitive advantage of both, the provider and the consumer of the service. Three main sets of implications are identified. The first is that the integration of remanufacturing into a product-service system could increase customer satisfaction through a larger service scope and higher service quality, while decreasing operational costs. Furthermore, it is shown that the higher the level of servitization, the stronger is the positive impact of remanufacturing. The second set of results shows that servitizing remanufacturing can substantially increase the competitive advantage of both the provider and the consumer. While the first two sets of results have industrially oriented implications, the third set constitutes a theoretical contribution through the proposal and conceptual validation of extension of the application of servitization theory. Finally, while the reasoning is of a conceptual nature, it is based on established theories and includes remanufacturing-related industrial cases as a basis for assessment