Physical Processes and Plasma Parameters in a Radio-Frequency Hybrid Plasma System for Thin-Film Production with Ion Assistance

The results of the study of the plasma reactor on the combined magnetron discharge and radio-frequency (RF) inductive discharge located in the external magnetic field are presented. Magnetron discharge provides the generation of atoms and ions of the target materials, while the flow of accelerated ions used for the ion assistance is provided by the RF inductive discharge located in an external magnetic field. Approaching the region of resonant absorption of RF power by optimizing the magnitude and configuration of the external magnetic field makes it possible to obtain a uniform within 10% radial distribution of the ion current across the diameter of 150 mm. When the RF power supply power is 1000 W, the ion current density on the substrate can be adjusted in the range of 0.1–3 mA/cm2. The use of ion assisting results in a fundamental change in the structure and properties of functional coatings, deposited using a magnetron

Smartphone-Based Endoscope System for Advanced Point-of-Care Diagnostics: Feasibility Study

Background: Endoscopic technique is often applied for the diagnosis of diseases affecting internal organs and image-guidance of surgical procedures. Although the endoscope has become an indispensable tool in the clinic, its utility has been limited to medical offices or operating rooms because of the large size of its ancillary devices. In addition, the basic design and imaging capability of the system have remained relatively unchanged for decades. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a smartphone-based endoscope system capable of advanced endoscopic functionalities in a compact size and at an affordable cost and to demonstrate its feasibility of point-of-care through human subject imaging. Methods: We developed and designed to set up a smartphone-based endoscope system, incorporating a portable light source, relay-lens, custom adapter, and homebuilt Android app. We attached three different types of existing rigid or flexible endoscopic probes to our system and captured the endoscopic images using the homebuilt app. Both smartphone-based endoscope system and commercialized clinical endoscope system were utilized to compare the imaging quality and performance. Connecting the head-mounted display (HMD) wirelessly, the smartphone-based endoscope system could superimpose an endoscopic image to real-world view. Results: A total of 15 volunteers who were accepted into our study were captured using our smartphone-based endoscope system, as well as the commercialized clinical endoscope system. It was found that the imaging performance of our device had acceptable quality compared with that of the conventional endoscope system in the clinical setting. In addition, images captured from the HMD used in the smartphone-based endoscope system improved eye-hand coordination between the manipulating site and the smartphone screen, which in turn reduced spatial disorientation. Conclusions: The performance of our endoscope system was evaluated against a commercial system in routine otolaryngology examinations. We also demonstrated and evaluated the feasibility of conducting endoscopic procedures through a custom HMD

On Propagation of Excitation Waves in Moving Media: The FitzHugh-Nagumo Model

BACKGROUND: Existence of flows and convection is an essential and integral feature of many excitable media with wave propagation modes, such as blood coagulation or bioreactors. METHODS/RESULTS: Here, propagation of two-dimensional waves is studied in parabolic channel flow of excitable medium of the FitzHugh-Nagumo type. Even if the stream velocity is hundreds of times higher that the wave velocity in motionless medium (), steady propagation of an excitation wave is eventually established. At high stream velocities, the wave does not span the channel from wall to wall, forming isolated excited regions, which we called "restrictons". They are especially easy to observe when the model parameters are close to critical ones, at which waves disappear in still medium. In the subcritical region of parameters, a sufficiently fast stream can result in the survival of excitation moving, as a rule, in the form of "restrictons". For downstream excitation waves, the axial portion of the channel is the most important one in determining their behavior. For upstream waves, the most important region of the channel is the near-wall boundary layers. The roles of transversal diffusion, and of approximate similarity with respect to stream velocity are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: These findings clarify mechanisms of wave propagation and survival in flow

Method of examining three-dimensional tissue using optical coherence tomography technology and optical coherence microscopy technology

??? ?????????, ??????????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ?????????, ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ??? ??????????????? ????????? 3?????? ???????????? ????????? ?????????, OCT ????????? OCM ????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ??? ?????????, ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? 3?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????. ??????, ?????? OCT ????????? OCM ?????????, ????????? CT, MRI, PET ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????, ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????????.clos

Method of examining tissue using optical coherence tomography, optical coherence microscopy and mosaic matching technology

??? ?????????, ????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ????????????, ?????? ????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???, ?????? ?????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????????????, ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????. ??????, ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ?????????, ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????????????? ????????? ??? ??????????????? ????????? 3?????? ???????????? ????????? ?????????, ?????? OCT ????????? OCM ????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ??? ?????????, ?????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? 3?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????. ??????, ?????? OCT ????????? OCM ?????????, ????????? CT, MRI, PET ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????, ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????????.clos