Sol-gel glassy antireflection GeO2 - SiO2 - Ag - Re films for solar cells and ir-devices

Optically homogeneous double-coated of GeO2 -SiO2 films, sodoped by ions of silver and cerium were fabricated with use sol-gel of a method, using tetraethylorthogermanate (TEOG) and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as precursors for germania and silica, respectively. According to data IR-spectroscopy of a coat are glassy. Refractive indices for the materials were obtained the following: GeO2, n = 1.687 at thickness d = 530.5 nm and SiO2, n = 1.512 at d = 998.2 nm. They demonstrate good adhesion to the glass, germanium, silica and metal substrates. Introduction of Re-earth ions m allows to control refractive index within the limits of from 1,2 up to 1,6, that is important for deriving the multilayer antirefractive coats for the infra-red optics. Introduction silver nanoparticles allow using the yielded coats for magnification of efficiency of solar cells

MOLECULAR BIOLOGICAL AND RADIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE COMPLEX DIAGNOSIS OF AUXILLARY PATHOLOGY

Introduction. A diversity of axillary pathologies was a prerequisite for the development of a new differential approach to diagnosing such conditions. There are new technologies (pre- and intraoperative radionuclide studies, molecular genetic techniques), that have shown themselves, along with classical methods (physical examination, mammography, X-ray and ultrasound studies).Materials and methods. The subject of the analysis is the results of a comprehensive examination of 502 women aged 22 to 84 years. Different groups were comprehensively examined using both X-ray, ultrasound, radionuclide, and molecular genetic (polymerase chain reaction) studies.Results. The molecular genetic and cytological studies could provide the actual results in 95 and 84% of cases, respectively; but a com- prehensive clinical study and X-ray ultrasound computed tomography could yield them in marginal metastases in only 65.3%. Conclusion. The authors have proposed the optimal diagnostic algorithm for examination in the ambulatory-outpatient network and specialized institutions

Mammaglobin mRNA expression as early breast cancer marker

Early breast cancer (BC) diagnosis is a basis for overall and relapse-free survival improvement. But methods of X-ray and morphological examination sometimes are failed in BC diagnosis. New molecular markers may give more information about BC progression. One of these markers is mammaglobin. We studied 114 tissue samples: 57 I—IV stages BC samples and 57 samples of morphologically normal breast tissue (MNBT). mRNA mammaglobin expression was assessed by qPCR with reverse transcription. mRAN mammaglobin expression was significantly higher in BC samples as compared to MNBT (p = 0,0019), besides expression level decreased during BC progression: minimal level in T3 (p = 0,0338), grade 3 (p = 0,037) and stage IV (p = 0,035) tumors. hMAM expression correlated with steroid receptors (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptpor) in MNBT (p < 0.05), but not in BC tissue. hMAM mRNA expression decreased during BC progression and correlated with steroid receptors in MNBT. hMAM expression profiling may be used as a marker in BC diagnosis