Emotion Authentication: A Method for Voice Integrity Checking

When people communicate with telephone type systems, it is often assumed that the listener would notice any modification of the speaker\u27s voice. It is possible however to introduce small changes that would not be noticed by a listener but could modify the reading of a Voice Stress Analyser, popularly referred to as a lie detector. Existing approaches to checking the integrity of voice require significant amounts of processing or are able to detect only non-subtle modification such as change of speaker. With the advent of real time voice modification using software and hardware based signal processing, we argue that it is not possible at present to easily determine if a received unencrypted voice message has been modified in some subtle way. This is particularly important in the current climate of biometric and psychophysiological analysis. We critically investigate alternative approaches to a voice integrity check in the light of the subtle changes that might be made to a speaker\u27s voice and propose a method that enables voice integrity checking for digital communications in a variety of scenarios

The management of Phomopsis viticola in Tarnave vineyards

Phomopsis viticola, in poorly managed vineyards, can produce a lot of damage due to its year-to-year infection pattern. In combination with a high spore reserve from the previous year, this causes reduced grape yields. This study aims to assess the Phomopsis viticola attack in Tarnave vineyards during May-July 2020. The data (frequency and intensity of the attack) was collected from Craciunelu de Jos, and the attack degree (AD) was calculated before and after the treatments applied to 'Saugvinon blanc', 'Riesling italian', 'Fetească regală' and 'Traminer roz' grapevine cultivars. The AD before the treatment with contact and systemic products had values between 27.80% and 4.10%, after the treatments of the first period (MayJune 2020) the AD was reduced at values between 3.40% and 0.83% and after the treatments of the second period (June-July 2020) the AD had the values between 9.00% and 12.40%. In Tarnave vineyards, 'Fetească regală', 'Sauvignion blanc' and Riesling italian cultivars have shown a higher susceptibility to the Phomopsis viticola attack and Traminer roz' a lower one. The fungicide treatments administrated were efficient in managing Phomopsis viticola in vineyards from Transylvania