Vision-Related Quality of Life and Treatment Satisfaction Following Panretinal Photocoagulation in Diabetic Retinopathy—A Panel Study

Background and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate vision-related quality of life (VR-QOL) and treatment satisfaction (TS) in patients with diabetic retinopathy treated with panretinal photocoagulation (PRP). Material and Methods: The panel study included 95 patients who underwent PRP for diabetic retinopathy. Eligible patients with no history of previous PRP were interviewer-administered the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) and Retinopathy Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (RetTSQ) beforehandand one month after the last session of laser application. The study was conducted between June 2017 and June 2019 at tertiary care center in Serbia, Belgrade. We assessed pre- to post-PRP values of the composite score and subscale scores of VFQ-25 and RetTSQ, using a paired samples t-test. Univariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between binary outcomes and potential predictors. Multivariate regression included predictors from univariate analyses that were statistically significant. Results: The mean VFQ-25 composite score was 65.4 ± 17.4 before and 63.3 ± 19.5 after PRP (p = 0.045). Subscale analysis showed that two of the 11 items achieved a significant decrease after laser application (general vision and dependency). The mean RetTSQ score at baseline was 60.0 ± 11.8 and at the exit visit was 60.3 ± 12.3 (p = 0.858). Sub-scale analysis showed significant deterioration for five of the 13 items. Multivariate logistic regression found that significant predictor of VFQ-25 composite score reduction was fewer laser burns (p = 0.002) while significant predictor of RetTSQ total score reduction was presence of hyperlipidaemia (p = 0.021). Conclusion: The use of vision-related quality of life and treatment satisfaction questionnaires in conjunction with clinical examination, appears to provide a more comprehensive overview of an individual’s daily well-being following PRP. Laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy leads to deterioration of some of the patients’ perceived VR-QOL and TS. Health-care providers should inform patients about their treatment options and together decide which therapeutic method is best for them

NO modulates the molecular basis of rat interscapular brown adipose tissue thermogenesis

Molecular mechanisms underlying interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) thermogenesis were elucidated. Namely, gene and/or protein expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma), PPAR gamma-coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) - key molecules that regulate thermogenesis-related processes - mitochondriogenesis, angiogenesis and IBAT hyperplasia, in rats subjected to cold (4 +/- 1 degrees C) for 1, 3, 7, 12, 21 and 45 days were investigated. Particularly, to examine influence of nitric oxide (NO) on IBAT thermogenic-program, cold-exposed animals were treated by L-arginine or N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME). Related to control (22 +/- 1 degrees C), cold induced time-coordinated UCP1, PPAR gamma and PGC-1 alpha transcriptional activation accompanied by PCNA activation and increased VEGF immunolabeling that correlate with endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) transcriptional activation suggesting NO involvement in these thermogenic-factors activation. Observed molecular changes were translated into increased mitochondrialremodeling, angiogenesis, and IBAT hyperplasia. L-Arginine augmented and prolonged cold-induced increase of eNOS, inducible NOS and thermogenic-molecules expression, IBAT nerve supply, vascularity, hyperplasia and mitochondrial-remodeling, while L-NAME had an opposite effects. Results show that NO improves thermogenesis-related mitochondriogenesis, angiogenesis and tissue hyperplasia, positively affecting molecular basis of these processes, suggesting that NO is an essential regulator of IBAT thermogenic-program operating, at genes, proteins and tissue structure levels. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Ministry of Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia [143050]; [COST FA0602 Action

Antioxidative defense organization in retroperitoneal white adipose tissue during acclimation to cold-The involvement of L-arginine/NO pathway

1. Retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (RpWAT) antioxidative defense was investigated in untreated, L-arginine-treated and N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-treated rats kept at 4 +/- 1 degrees C (1, 3, 7, 12, 21 and 45 days) and compared to control rats at 22 +/- 1 degrees C. 2. Cold-acclimation-induced RpWAT weight decrease was accompanied by a decline in glutathione level and increased activity of manganese superoxide dismutaise (MnSOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase at different time-points. 3. L-arginine accelerated RpWAT weight decrease, the increase in MnSOD and GST activities and the prolonged increase of catalase, MnSOD and GST activities. L-NAME delayed cold-induced catalase activity increase and tissue weight decrease. Prolonged L-NAME-treatment had a similar effect on RpWAT as L-arginine. 4. Results suggest the involvement Of L-arginine/NO pathway in RpWAT oxidative metabolic augmentation induced by cold-acclimation. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Ministry of Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia [143050

Free radical equilibrium in interscapular brown adipose tissue: Relationship between metabolic profile and antioxidative defense

Interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) hyperplasia involves a new metabolic and structural profile, resulting from acclimation of animals to a cold environment. Cold-induced changes of several antioxidative defense (AD) components in IBAT and their interrelationship with uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), sympathetic innervation and apoptosis were studied using cold-acclimated adult rat males (4 +/- 1 degrees C, 45 days). Their age-matches were maintained at 22 +/- 1 degrees C serving as the controls. In cold-adapted rats, activities of CuZn- and Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and apoptosis were reduced, while catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities and glutathione (GSH) content were increased compared to the control. IBAT mass, protein content, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentration, sympathetic innervation and UCP1 level were significantly increased in cold-acclimated group compared to the corresponding control. These results suggest that decreased CuZn and MnSOD activities in IBAT represent an adaptive response due to UCP1-induced mitochondrial uncoupling. Additionally, intensive fatty acid oxidation led to an increased H2O2 production which resulted in increased CAT, GSH-Px and GST activities and GSH level. Generally speaking, cold-induced changes of AD in the IBAT are closely connected with newly established metabolic profile in this tissue, thus making an important part of the entire tissue homeostasis including cell survival. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.nul

L-Arginine supplementation induces glutathione synthesis in interscapular brown adipose tissue through activation of glutamate-cysteine ligase expression: The role of nitric oxide

We examined whether nitric oxide (NO) in vivo could induce interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) glutathione synthesis. Data show that NO induces in vivo IBAT glutathione synthesis through activation of glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL) mRNA and protein expression. This NO effect appeared to be mediated by nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation. We have also observed a complex series of in vivo cellular responses during chronic inhibition of NO synthesis, suggesting that regulatory pathways unrelated to GCL alteration underlie glutathione level increase induced by N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). In general, glutathione synthesis in IBAT seemed to be finely tuned by NO to provide glutathione for either mediating the effects of NO, or for preventing potential nitrosative stress. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Ministry of Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia [143050

Expressional pattern of nitric oxide synthases in normal and diabetic pancreas

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Alterations in L-arginine-nitric oxide-producing pathway affect antioxidative defense in the rat skin

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Vision-Related Quality of Life and Treatment Satisfaction Following Panretinal Photocoagulation in Diabetic Retinopathy—A Panel Study

Background and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate vision-related quality of life (VR-QOL) and treatment satisfaction (TS) in patients with diabetic retinopathy treated with panretinal photocoagulation (PRP). Material and Methods: The panel study included 95 patients who underwent PRP for diabetic retinopathy. Eligible patients with no history of previous PRP were interviewer-administered the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) and Retinopathy Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (RetTSQ) beforehandand one month after the last session of laser application. The study was conducted between June 2017 and June 2019 at tertiary care center in Serbia, Belgrade. We assessed pre- to post-PRP values of the composite score and subscale scores of VFQ-25 and RetTSQ, using a paired samples t-test. Univariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between binary outcomes and potential predictors. Multivariate regression included predictors from univariate analyses that were statistically significant. Results: The mean VFQ-25 composite score was 65.4 ± 17.4 before and 63.3 ± 19.5 after PRP (p = 0.045). Subscale analysis showed that two of the 11 items achieved a significant decrease after laser application (general vision and dependency). The mean RetTSQ score at baseline was 60.0 ± 11.8 and at the exit visit was 60.3 ± 12.3 (p = 0.858). Sub-scale analysis showed significant deterioration for five of the 13 items. Multivariate logistic regression found that significant predictor of VFQ-25 composite score reduction was fewer laser burns (p = 0.002) while significant predictor of RetTSQ total score reduction was presence of hyperlipidaemia (p = 0.021). Conclusion: The use of vision-related quality of life and treatment satisfaction questionnaires in conjunction with clinical examination, appears to provide a more comprehensive overview of an individual’s daily well-being following PRP. Laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy leads to deterioration of some of the patients’ perceived VR-QOL and TS. Health-care providers should inform patients about their treatment options and together decide which therapeutic method is best for them

Leptin immunoexpression and innervation in rat interscapular brown adipose tissue of cold-acclimated rats: the effects of L-arginine and L-NAME

The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of nitric oxide on leptin immunoexpression and innervation in interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) of room-and cold-acclimated rats. Animals acclimated both to room-temperature (22 +/- 1 degrees C) and cold (4 +/- 1 degrees C) were treated with L-arginine, a substrate for nitric oxide synthases (NOSs), or N?-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of NOSs, for 45 days. Leptin expression and localization in brown adipocytes was studied by immunohistochemistry, and innervation stained by the Bodian method. Strong leptin immunopositivity was observed in brown adipocytes cytoplasm of all room-acclimated groups, but nuclear leptin positivity was found only in L-NAME treated rats. In cold-acclimated control and L-NAME treated rats leptin immunopositivity was absent, while L-arginine treatment reversed the cold-induced suppression of leptin expression. Comparing to control, L-arginine, and even more L-NAME, at 22 +/- 1 degrees C induced greater innervation. In conclusion, L-arginine treatment changes leptin expression pattern on cold in rat IBAT.nul

Leptin immunoexpression and innervation in rat interscapular brown adipose tissue of cold-acclimated rats: the effects of L-arginine and L-NAME

The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of nitric oxide on leptin immunoexpression and innervation in interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) of room-and cold-acclimated rats. Animals acclimated both to room-temperature (22 +/- 1 degrees C) and cold (4 +/- 1 degrees C) were treated with L-arginine, a substrate for nitric oxide synthases (NOSs), or N?-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of NOSs, for 45 days. Leptin expression and localization in brown adipocytes was studied by immunohistochemistry, and innervation stained by the Bodian method. Strong leptin immunopositivity was observed in brown adipocytes cytoplasm of all room-acclimated groups, but nuclear leptin positivity was found only in L-NAME treated rats. In cold-acclimated control and L-NAME treated rats leptin immunopositivity was absent, while L-arginine treatment reversed the cold-induced suppression of leptin expression. Comparing to control, L-arginine, and even more L-NAME, at 22 +/- 1 degrees C induced greater innervation. In conclusion, L-arginine treatment changes leptin expression pattern on cold in rat IBAT.nul