Editorial

It is indeed a great pleasure and privilege for me to introduce the Chemical Sciences issue of Mapana-Journal of Sciences which is dedicated to publishing the research articles pertaining to the field of Chemistry and related areas. The first article by Kezia Sasitharan reports a brief review on the working of photovoltaic systems and the conditions required to fabricate an ideal solar cell. Some of the advanced systems incorporated in solar cells over the past 20 years have been discussed along with their place in making photovoltaic technology efficient

Structural Effect in Ionic Liquids Is the Vital Role to Enhance the Corrosion Protection of Metals in Acid Cleaning Process

Various kinds of methods have been developed and used to overcome different types of corrosion throughout the world. One possible and easy way to avert corrosion is use of an inhibitor. An inhibitor can be applicable to any type of metal irrespective of medium (acid, alkaline, and neutral). Still, several inhibitors are emerging day by day in the corrosion world and most of them are heterocyclic compounds. In this respect, ionic liquid is attracting the attention of the research community. Because of ionic liquid’s salient feature of melting and boiling points, it is being employed as a solvent in various types of reaction. In recent years, synthesizing and functionalizing the structure of ionic liquids in such a way to attain the desire requirement have become significant key factors in the field. By altering the cationic part or anionic part (halogen group), the chemical property of ionic liquids will change considerably. Besides, it will enhance the tendency of the electron-donating nature of the cationic part. This behavior equips them to be employed in the field of corrosion. While it meets the metal surface in the aggressive medium it will be attracted, leads to better surface protection from metal dissolution

Evaluation of the Sealing Ability of Gutta Percha with Bioroot RCS, MTA Fillapex and Sealapex: An SEM study

AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the sealing ability of three endodontic sealers, BioRoot RCS (a tricalcium silicate based sealer), MTA Fillapex (a salicylate resin based sealer) and Sealapex (a calcium hydroxide based sealer) with gutta-percha cones to the dentinal walls, using scanning electron microscopy. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the sealing ability of BioRoot RCS, MTA Fillapex, Sealapex and ZOE sealers at the cervical, middle and apical thirds. To compare the sealing ability of BioRoot RCS, MTA Fillapex, Sealapex and ZOE root canal sealers based on the gap formation, as measured from SEM images. METHODOLOGY: Forty human mandibular premolars were selected and cleaned off the soft tissue debris. Access opening was done using endo access bur, working length determined with a #10K file. Chemomechanical preparation was done by crown technique using ProTaper Universal rotary system till F2 and irrigated using 3% sodium hypochlorite and 17% EDTA to remove the debris and final irrigation performed with 2ml normal saline. The teeth were dried with absorbent paper points and the sealers were mixed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The teeth were divided into four groups of 10 (n=10) teeth each and obturated with; Group 1 – gutta percha with BioRoot RCS, Group 2 – gutta percha with MTA Fillapex, Group 3 – gutta percha with Sealapex, Group 4 – (control group) gutta percha with ZOE. Each tooth was sectioned at coronal, middle and apical thirds. The samples were then sputter coated with fine gold and subjected to SEM evaluation. The gap formed at the sealer- dentin interface was measured in μm. The collected data were analysed with IBM.SPSS statistics software 23.0 Version. RESULTS: The results of Oneway ANOVA shows that, the amount of gap formation between the sealer and root dentinal wall interface at the cervical, middle and apical thirds were highly significant (P < 0.01). The results obtained from multiple comparisons between various groups using Tukey’s post hoc test shows that, there is a highly significant difference between the control group of ZOE with the other 3 experimental groups at all the 3 levels. This shows that among the tested sealers, ZOE has shown more gap formation corresponding to minimal sealing ability with the dentinal wall followed by MTA Fillapex, Sealapex and BioRoot RCS at the cervical third. Whereas at the middle third, minimal sealing ability to the dentinal wall was shown by ZOE followed by Sealapex, MTA Fillapex and BioRoot RCS. In the apical third, ZOE has shown more gap formation with the dentinal wall followed by Sealapex, MTA Fillapex and BioRoot RCS. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that minimum gap formation was seen for bioceramic sealers, with BioRoot RCS being better than MTA Fillapex. In the middle third, the calcium hydroxide based sealer, Sealapex showed better adaptation than MTA Fillapex sealer. Whereas in the cervical and apical thirds, MTA Filllapex exhibited lesser gap formation than Sealapex. All tested sealers showed significantly better adaptation and sealing ability at the cervical and middle thirds than in the apical third when compared to ZOE. Bioceramic sealers showed higher sealing ability at the apical third