Neighborhood restructuring and relocation in America: How do relocatees fare?

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Declining Homeownership in Liberal, English Speaking Countries

Rates of homeownership advanced significantly across most advanced economies in the second half of the twentieth century. It not only became the dominant form of housing tenure, but also featured in emerging models of citizenship, welfare, and middle-class identity. Although English speaking, liberal economies such as Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the UK, and the U.S. have been considered “homeowner societies” and strongly associated with owner-occupation as a cultural norm, widespread homeownership was largely achieved in these countries through political sponsorship and various forms of public subsidies. Among liberal societies, homeownership had a wide-ranging influence on policymaking and thinking more generally, and from the 1980s onward was advanced more aggressively. During this period, a more neoliberal regime of housing finance took hold, facilitating larger and more intensive circulations of capital and debt via an increasingly globalized network of housing and mortgage markets. The Credit Crisis and, ultimately, the Global Financial Crisis critically undermined housing markets and access to owner-occupation, and in recent years a new homeownership regime has begun to emerge. While the tenure remains central to both government and individual aspirations, actual rates of owner-occupation have been in decline. Behind this shift has been an increasing polarization of housing wealth and diminishing affordability and accessibility, especially for younger households. Critically, this chapter explores the rise and ostensible waning of mass homeownership with a focus on the social, economic, and political conditions that have both established its centrality in liberal capitalist economies and resulted in its recent decline

Community Entrepreneurship in Deprived Neighbourhoods: Comparing UK Community Enterprises with US Community Development Corporations (discussion paper)

Through a review of the recent American community development literature, this paper tests the assertion that British community enterprises (CEs) are fundamentally similar to American community development corporations (CDCs), and therefore, that CEs can learn from CDCs. In the context of the current austerity regimes, CEs and community entrepreneurship are increasingly considered as a means to continue small-scale urban regeneration, not only in the UK but also in several other European countries. While the CDC sector has achieved a relatively successful record in affordable housing production in distressed areas, CDCs are fundamentally limited in terms of reversing the processes of community decline. Our comparison of CDCs and CEs reveals similarities, but also differences with regard to organizational characteristics, co-operation on multiple scales, comprehensiveness, targeting and community participation. Apart from outlining lessons that CEs can learn from CDS, we provide recommendations for further research that should cover the lack of empirical evidence in this field.OTBArchitecture and The Built Environmen

Housing Well-Being: Developing and Validating a Measure

housing well-being, housing and quality of life, housing satisfaction, residential satisfaction, perceived quality-of-life impact of home, residential well being,

Indicators of Local Housing Affordability: Comparative and Spatial Approaches

This paper focuses on the measurement of local housing affordability problems. A number of different housing market indicators are offered that help identify the magnitude and nature of housing affordability problems and their geographic distribution. This interest is prompted by the predominance of housing affordability problems and the severity of the problems for many of the lowest income renter households. In addition, there is significant policy interest in "the national goal that every American family be able to afford a decent home in a suitable environment" (National Affordable Housing Act of 1990). This paper develops measures of the spatial distribution of affordability problems and implements measures of the mismatch between the demand and supply of housing affordable to the lowest income households. Copyright American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association.

What makes people dissatisfied with their neighbourhoods?

A logistic regression model of individual neighbourhood dissatisfaction was developed using data from the 1997/98 Survey of English Housing. Housing satisfaction and the general appearance of the neighbourhood were closely associated with neighbourhood dissatisfaction, although perceptions of noise, friendliness, community spirit, schools and crime were also important. Although sociodemographic factors were much less important than residential perceptions in helping to predict dissatisfaction, the type of neighbourhood remained a significant independent predictor of dissatisfaction even when residents' views were taken into account. Some factors were more important in different areas: in particular, residents in less affluent areas were more sensitive to unfriendliness and crime. There were also indications that owner-occupiers were less satisfied in areas where they had a lower tenure share. The paper concludes that neighbourhood policies with a broad spectrum of goals are required, that pay careful attention to residents' own assessments of local conditions