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Orbital magnetoelectric coupling at finite electric field
We extend the band theory of linear orbital magnetoelectric coupling to treat
crystals under finite electric fields. Previous work established that the
orbital magnetoelectric response of a generic insulator at zero field comprises
three contributions that were denoted as local circulation, itinerant
circulation, and Chern-Simons. We find that the expression for each of them is
modified by the presence of a dc electric field. Remarkably, the sum of the
three correction terms vanishes, so that the total coupling is still given by
the same formula as at zero field. This conclusion is confirmed by numerical
tests on a tight-binding model, for which we calculate the field-induced change
in the linear magnetoelectric coefficient.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Work of England\u27s Court of Criminal Appeal
This article, written by the Chairman of the New Jersey Judicial Council, was first published in the sixth annual report of that body and later reprinted in the October, 1936, Issue of the Journal of the American Judicature Society. So much has been written in non-legal publications in this country concerning the efficiency of the English administration of criminal law and procedure that It will undoubtedly be of interest to the bar to be informed more exactly on the subject by the more detailed and exact research and comment of a member of the legal profession. With that idea in mind, the editors have procured the consent of the Journal of the American Judicature Society to publication of this article. In this publication, the appendix to the original article has been substantially curtailed. The portion of the appendix Included should suffice to show the celerity with which the English court operates and the results attained in a typical group of appeal
Impasses in Justice
It is not oversimplifying our problem too much to say that at the bottom of all our difficulties in court reform lie: (1) the equalitarian and antiprofessional movement of the Jacksonian Era in the second quarter of the nineteenth century, and (2) (this I fear will shock many) the failure of our law schools generally to recognize as their most important responsibility to society the improvement of the administration of justice
Orbital magnetization in periodic insulators
Working in the Wannier representation, we derive an expression for the
orbital magnetization of a periodic insulator. The magnetization is shown to be
comprised of two contributions, an obvious one associated with the internal
circulation of bulk-like Wannier functions in the interior, and an unexpected
one arising from net currents carried by Wannier functions near the surface.
Each contribution can be expressed as a bulk property in terms of Bloch
functions in a gauge-invariant way. Our expression is verified by comparing
numerical tight-binding calculations for finite and periodic samples.Comment: submitted to PRL; signs corrected in Eqs. (11), (12), (19), and (20
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