A Report on the State of the Church Was Published in De Hollander w/ an Introduction by Rev. Pieter J. Oggel

A report on the state of the church was published in De Hollander on this date. The report is given by the Committee on the Religious State of the Church. This report was presented at the General Synod of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church which had met in Philadelphia in June. The report was preceded with an introduction by Rev. Pieter J. Oggel. (Is it likely that this report was translated and printed in the local paper due to the agitation created by B. Ploeg?)https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1860s/1005/thumbnail.jp

Gaze fixation improves the stability of expert juggling

Novice and expert jugglers employ different visuomotor strategies: whereas novices look at the balls around their zeniths, experts tend to fixate their gaze at a central location within the pattern (so-called gaze-through). A gaze-through strategy may reflect visuomotor parsimony, i.e., the use of simpler visuomotor (oculomotor and/or attentional) strategies as afforded by superior tossing accuracy and error corrections. In addition, the more stable gaze during a gaze-through strategy may result in more accurate movement planning by providing a stable base for gaze-centered neural coding of ball motion and movement plans or for shifts in attention. To determine whether a stable gaze might indeed have such beneficial effects on juggling, we examined juggling variability during 3-ball cascade juggling with and without constrained gaze fixation (at various depths) in expert performers (n = 5). Novice jugglers were included (n = 5) for comparison, even though our predictions pertained specifically to expert juggling. We indeed observed that experts, but not novices, juggled significantly less variable when fixating, compared to unconstrained viewing. Thus, while visuomotor parsimony might still contribute to the emergence of a gaze-through strategy, this study highlights an additional role for improved movement planning. This role may be engendered by gaze-centered coding and/or attentional control mechanisms in the brain

The One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment New York State Volunteers. A narrative of its services in the war for the Union.

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