Substantial metabolic activity of human brown adipose tissue during warm conditions and cold-induced lipolysis of local triglycerides

Current understanding of in vivo human brown adipose tissue (BAT) physiology is limited by a reliance on positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scanning, which has measured exogenous glucose and fatty acid uptake but not quantified endogenous substrate utilization by BAT. Six lean, healthy men underwent 18fluorodeoxyglucose-PET/CT scanning to localize BAT so microdialysis catheters could be inserted in supraclavicular BAT under CT guidance and in abdominal subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT). Arterial and dialysate samples were collected during warm (∼25°C) and cold exposure (∼17°C), and blood flow was measured by 133xenon washout. During warm conditions, there was increased glucose uptake and lactate release and decreased glycerol release by BAT compared with WAT. Cold exposure increased blood flow, glycerol release, and glucose and glutamate uptake only by BAT. This novel use of microdialysis reveals that human BAT is metabolically active during warm conditions. BAT activation substantially increases local lipolysis but also utilization of other substrates such as glutamate

VivoTrax+ improves the detection of cancer cells with magnetic particle imaging

Cellular imaging is a rapidly growing field as novel tracers and imaging techniques are developed. Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) detects superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO), which can be used to label cells. The unique detection of SPIO-labeled cells boasts MPI as a sensitive modality; as such, the type of SPIO has a critical role in determining sensitivity and resolution. For cell tracking applications, the ideal SPIO should label cells efficiently and retain its sensitivity after cellular uptake. VivoTraxTM, a commercially available and commonly used SPIO for MPI, was recently re-released as VivoTrax+TM with an improved size distribution enriched for larger particles. In this study, VivoTrax+TM is shown to enhance cellular labeling and improve in vitro/in vivo sensitivity. Importantly, the sensitivity of both SPIO significantly decreased after cellular internalization. The results from this study emphasize the importance of translating SPIO performance in vivo to maintain its utility for cell tracking applications

VivoTrax+ improves the detection of cancer cells with magnetic particle imaging

Cellular imaging is a rapidly growing field as novel tracers and imaging techniques are developed. Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) detects superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) particles, which can be used to label cells., The type of SPIO has a critical role in determining MPI sensitivity and resolution. For cell tracking applications, the ideal SPIO should label cells efficiently and retain its sensitivity after cellular uptake. VivoTraxTM, a commercially available and commonly used SPIO for MPI, was recently re-released as VivoTrax+ with an improved size distribution enriched for larger particles. In this study, VivoTrax+ is shown to enhance cellular labeling and improve in vitro/in vivo sensitivity. Importantly, the sensitivity of both SPIO significantly decreased after cellular internalization. The results from this study emphasize the importance of translating SPIO performance in vivo to maintain its utility for cell tracking applications.   Int. J. Mag. Part. Imag. 8(2), 2022, Article ID: 2210001, DOI: 10.18416/IJMPI.2022.221000

Substantial metabolic activity of human brown adipose tissue during warm conditions and cold-induced lipolysis of local triglycerides

Current understanding of in vivo human brown adipose tissue (BAT) physiology is limited by a reliance on positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) scanning, which has measured exogenous glucose and fatty acid uptake but not quantified endogenous substrate utilization by BAT. Six lean, healthy men underwent 18fluorodeoxyglucose-PET/CT scanning to localize BAT so microdialysis catheters could be inserted in supraclavicular BAT under CT guidance and in abdominal subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT). Arterial and dialysate samples were collected during warm (∼25°C) and cold exposure (∼17°C), and blood flow was measured by 133xenon washout. During warm conditions, there was increased glucose uptake and lactate release and decreased glycerol release by BAT compared with WAT. Cold exposure increased blood flow, glycerol release, and glucose and glutamate uptake only by BAT. This novel use of microdialysis reveals that human BAT is metabolically active during warm conditions. BAT activation substantially increases local lipolysis but also utilization of other substrates such as glutamate

Galaxy planemo 0.35.0

Command-line utilities to assist in developing tools for the Galaxy Project. http://galaxyproject.or

bgruening/docker-galaxy-stable: Galaxy Docker Image 16.10

HTTPS support by Marius van den Beek (@mvdbeek) and Alexander Lenail (@zfrenchee)! New Docker compose work by Lukas Voegtle! New unified testing for Galaxy flavors (https://github.com/bgruening/galaxy-flavor-testing