Manitoba field survey of herbicide-resistant weeds

Non-Peer ReviewedIn 2002, 150 fields were randomly selected throughout the ecoregions of Manitoba and surveyed for grass and broadleaf weeds resistant to Group 1 (ACCase inhibitor) or Group 2 (ALS inhibitor) herbicides. One-third of surveyed fields had a herbicide-resistant weed biotype. Two biotypes new to western Canada are Group 2-resistant green foxtail and redroot pigweed. Of producers with resistant biotypes, 10% or fewer were aware of their occurrence

Herbicide-use trends in prairie canola production systems

Non-Peer Reviewe

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Multiple-weed species interference in broadleaved crops Evaluation of yield loss prediction and competition models

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DX191849 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

The competitive ability of 29 barley cultivars

Non-Peer ReviewedUsing competitive crops and cultivars can be an important integrated weed management (IWM) tool. Barley is considered a competitive crop, but cultivar competitiveness varies. There are two aspects of cultivar competitive ability; the ability to compete (AC) and the ability to withstand competition (AWC). A study was conducted to explore aspects of barley cultivar competitive ability with oats, and to examine the feasibility of ranking cultivars based on either, or both, AWC and AC. Field trials were undertaken in 2001 and 2002 to determine cultivar competitive ability for 29 barley cultivars commonly grown on the Canadian Prairies. Cultivars were selected from semi-dwarf and full height, hulled and hull-less, 2- and 6-row, and, feed and malt classes. Yield loss ranged from 6-79% while weed seed return ranged from 10-83% of gross yield. As a class, semi-dwarf and hull-less cultivars were less competitive than full height and hulled cultivars, respectively. However, considerable variation existed among within these classes, and an absolute relationship between class membership and competitive ability did not exist. Ranking barley cultivar competitive ability would make it a valuable IWM tool for farmers and extension personnel

The effect of nitrogen rate and weed density on spring wheat yield at two landscape positions

Non-Peer ReviewedSite-specific fertilizer applications may have implications for weed population dynamics that have been largely ignored. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of landscape specific nitrogen application on wild oat (Avena fatua L.) and wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus L.) competitiveness in spring wheat. This experiment was a split-split plot design wherein the main plot was landscape position, the subplot was nitrogen rate, and the sub-subplot was target weed density. The main plots were planted with either wild oats or wild buckwheat. The experiment was conducted at two sites near Birtle and Carman, Manitoba. Measurements of weed competitiveness included wheat grain yield per plot (as percentage of weed-free treatment), and plant dry biomass (g/m2). Other measurements included soil fertility, gravimetric moisture, soil profile characterization, and site topographical characterization to provide a detailed description of the landscape encountered at each site. Results from three site years indicate that under high nitrogen rates relative wild oat competitiveness may increase with increasing density. Results from three site years suggest that increasing wild buckwheat density caused no consistent decline in wheat yield. Landscape position has no apparent effect on either wild oat or wild buckwheat competitiveness, though analysis is ongoing. Birtle 1999 plots and biomass data from all site-years have yet to be analyzed. Independent soil characteristics will be tested for correlation to yield, biomass, density and landscape position

Evaluating the competitive differences among barley cultivars (Hordeum vulgare) against wild oat (Avena fatua); as part of an integrated weed management (IWN) strategy

Non-Peer Reviewe

What is the cost to manage herbicide-resistant wild oat and green foxtail?

Non-Peer Reviewe

Positive selection of B cell repertoire, idiotype networks and immunological memory

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe