Hermeneutical principles of quality management of the labor force

The problem of quality of the workforce for the innovation economy is an extremely relevant and depends on the accepted ideology of quality management training. It is proposed to use the hermeneutic approach to quality management training, which removes the barriers between fields of knowledge and required level of quality-oriented person, and all components of the object management combines effective process

Profiling factors, flavour parameters of port wines

In the multifaceted world of fortified sweet wines, port wines occupy a special place. Authentic Porto is a group of wines that is the hallmark of Portugal's unique wine region, which stretches along the picturesque valley of the Douro River. The name "Porto" regulated by European legislation can only be worn by wines made from grapes grown and vinified in this fertile land. It is worth mentioning that port wines are among the elite of the best dessert wines in the world, harmoniously complementing both dessert dishes and acting as an independent delicacy. The variety of port wines amazes the imagination of connoisseurs of this noble drink. They differ in color (white, pink, red, brown), aging time (multiple of 10 years) and degree of sweetness (from dry to sweet). Inexperienced port wine lovers often face a situation when they purchase wine that does not meet their expectations. This may be due, among other things, to the fact that there are wines on the market that imitate authentic Porto, but have nothing in common with it except the name. Here lies an important point: in the Russian Federation, wines are traditionally produced under the name "Port Wine", however, in terms of their parameters, style and taste, they differ significantly from their Portuguese counterparts. It is quite difficult for consumers to understand these nuances. These wines are of a national Russian character, and according to European legislation, they cannot be exported abroad because they do not comply with strict regulations established for authentic Porto, in particular, by geographical designation of origin. In this regard, grounds are required for the correct classification of this group of wines in order to avoid uncertainty in their places of sale and subsequent consumer disappointment due to the discrepancy between the desired and real flavor palette of the purchased port. An important factor influencing the taste and aroma of port wines is not only the grape variety used in its production, but also the place where it is grown, and the process of aging the wine. Aging plays a key role in the formation of a flavor bouquet of port wines. For this purpose, the wine is aged for a long period of time in bottles, tanks, and the best - oak barrels. At the same time, the finished wines acquire unique aromatic and taste parameters. The duration of aging can vary from several years to several decades, depending on the desired style and quality of the port. During the aging process in oak barrels, port wines undergo a complex biochemical process that forms the unique aromas and taste of the wine. Oak barrels also make their natural contribution to the bouquet of wine, adding delicate woody notes that give port wines depth and complexity. Thus, port wine is not just wine, it is a real art that combines the skill of winemakers, the natural characteristics of grapes, as well as the unique conditions of viticulture and winemaking. Its rich bouquet and complex taste make the wine a unique and inimitable drink that can satisfy the most refined taste. The purpose of this article is an in-depth acquaintance with the nuances of the flavor parameters of this unique wine, as well as revealing the differences between authentic Porto and Russian port wines

Phenological shifts of abiotic events, producers and consumers across a continent

Ongoing climate change can shift organism phenology in ways that vary depending on species, habitats and climate factors studied. To probe for large-scale patterns in associated phenological change, we use 70,709 observations from six decades of systematic monitoring across the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Among 110 phenological events related to plants, birds, insects, amphibians and fungi, we find a mosaic of change, defying simple predictions of earlier springs, later autumns and stronger changes at higher latitudes and elevations. Site mean temperature emerged as a strong predictor of local phenology, but the magnitude and direction of change varied with trophic level and the relative timing of an event. Beyond temperature-associated variation, we uncover high variation among both sites and years, with some sites being characterized by disproportionately long seasons and others by short ones. Our findings emphasize concerns regarding ecosystem integrity and highlight the difficulty of predicting climate change outcomes. The authors use systematic monitoring across the former USSR to investigate phenological changes across taxa. The long-term mean temperature of a site emerged as a strong predictor of phenological change, with further imprints of trophic level, event timing, site, year and biotic interactions.Peer reviewe

Chronicles of nature calendar, a long-term and large-scale multitaxon database on phenology

We present an extensive, large-scale, long-term and multitaxon database on phenological and climatic variation, involving 506,186 observation dates acquired in 471 localities in Russian Federation, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Belarus and Kyrgyzstan. The data cover the period 1890-2018, with 96% of the data being from 1960 onwards. The database is rich in plants, birds and climatic events, but also includes insects, amphibians, reptiles and fungi. The database includes multiple events per species, such as the onset days of leaf unfolding and leaf fall for plants, and the days for first spring and last autumn occurrences for birds. The data were acquired using standardized methods by permanent staff of national parks and nature reserves (87% of the data) and members of a phenological observation network (13% of the data). The database is valuable for exploring how species respond in their phenology to climate change. Large-scale analyses of spatial variation in phenological response can help to better predict the consequences of species and community responses to climate change.Peer reviewe

Radiation Response of Cervical Cancer Stem Cells Is Associated with Pretreatment Proportion of These Cells and Physical Status of HPV DNA

Radio- and chemoresistance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is considered as one of the possible causes of adverse results of chemoradiotherapy for various malignancies, including cervical cancer. However, little is known about quantitative changes in the CSC subpopulation in the course of treatment and mechanisms for individual response of CSCs to therapy. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the association of radiation response of cervical CSCs with clinical and morphological parameters of disease and features of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The proportion of CD44+CD24low CSCs was determined by flow cytometry in cervical scrapings from 55 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix before treatment and after fractionated irradiation at a total dose of 10 Gy. Real-time PCR assay was used to evaluate molecular parameters of HPV DNA. Post-radiation increase in the CSC proportion was found in 47.3% of patients. Clinical and morphological parameters (stage, status of lymph node involvement, and histological type) were not significantly correlated with radiation changes in the CSC proportion. Single- and multifactor analyses revealed two independent indicators affecting the radiation response of CSCs: initial proportion of CSCs and physical status of HPV DNA (R = 0.86, p = 0.001 for the multiple regression model in the whole)

The conservation of some protected herbaceous plants in a wood park of Nizhni Novgorod metropolis

The article considers ways to preserve populations of protected plant species on the example of a natural regional wood park "Sludah woods" in Nizhny Novgorod. The population fitness is assessed, including environmental conditions, population density and ontogenetic percentage. The environmental conditions according to the Ellenberg scores are assessed. The conservation and repatriation of the protected species are considered. Recommendations are supposed to use the agrotechnical measures to conserve rare herbaceous species under conditions of urban environment

Experimental Studies of the Effect of Schisandrachinensis Extract on the State of Adaptive Capabilities of Rats under Chronic and General Exposure to Cold

Currently, there is an objective need to create fortified food products that allow not only to provide the body with energy, but also to replenish the deficiency of essential nutrients. A generalization of the information published by Rospotrebnadzor and the Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences indicates a deficiency in the diet of Russians of vitamins C, group B and β-carotene and minerals, including calcium and iron, regardless of the season of the year. The identified deviations lead to a violation of the immune status, a decrease in the body’s resistance to infections, and other unfavorable environmental factors, leading to an increase in the level of morbidity and a decrease in working capacity. The main unfavorable climatic factor that the population of the Far Eastern region has to face is low freezing temperatures. Adaptation to cold exposure is a complex process that requires a long period and may be accompanied by functional disorders and morphological changes in body tissues. In connection with the above, the problem of increasing the adaptive capabilities of a person to unfavorable environmental factors by means of correcting daily nutrition, providing the body with essential macro- and micronutrients, which is important in the prevention of possible diseases, is of particular importance. This study is aimed at assessing the effect of Schisandrachinensis extract on the adaptive capacity of rats in conditions of chronic and general cold. It was found that the extracts obtained from the fruits of Schisandra chinensis are characterized by a high content of biologically active substances. In experiments with determining the duration of running on the treadmill, a distinct act-protective effect was observed with the introduction of Schisandra chinensis extracts at a dose of 150 mg/day, against the background of reduced resistance to physical activity due to cold exposure. It was found that exposure to cold significantly reduced the swimming resistance of rats on all days of the study. The introduction of Schisandra chinensis extract into the diet led to an increase in resistance to fatigue and an increase in the duration of swimming on all days of the experiment. Conclusions: in this experimental model, a gradually increasing effect of increasing the physical performance of rats was demonstrated with prolonged (28 days) intake of the developed drinks, which coincides with the literature data on a number of other adaptogens and indicates the presence of cumulative properties of biologically active substances of Schisandra extract

HPV Status and Individual Characteristics of Human Papillomavirus Infection as Predictors for Clinical Outcome of Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer

This study is aimed at searching for an informative predictor of the clinical outcome of cervical cancer (CC) patients. The study included 135 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (FIGO stage II–III) associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 types or negative status of HPV infection. Using logistic regression, we analyzed the influence of the treatment method, clinical and morphological characteristics, and the molecular genetic parameters of HPV on the disease free survival (DFS) of patients treated with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Multivariate analysis revealed three factors that have prognostic significance for DFS, i.e., HPV-related biomarker (HPV-negativity or HPV DNA integration into the cell genome) (OR = 9.67, p = 1.2 × 10−4), stage of the disease (OR = 4.69, p = 0.001) and age (OR = 0.61, p = 0.025). The predictive model has a high statistical significance (p = 5.0 × 10−8; Nagelkirk’s R2 = 0.336), as well as sensitivity (Se = 0.74) and specificity (Sp = 0.75). Thus, simultaneous accounting for the clinical and molecular genetic predictors (stage of the disease, patient age and HPV-related biomarker) makes it possible to effectively differentiate patients with prognostically favorable and unfavorable outcome of the disease

Influence of Structure of Detrital Food Webs on Fusarium Head Blight of Winter Wheat

Conventional methods for Fusarium head blight (FHB) control are ineffective. A better understanding of the mechanisms linking the abundance of Fusarium species in soil before winter wheat flowering and mycotoxin content in mature grain may help to improve the effectiveness of methods for FHB control. In this study, we established a field experiment aimed to trace the impact of three types of organic mulch with different C:N ratios on the structure of detrital food webs and the manifestation of winter wheat FHB. T2-toxin content in grain was significantly higher in N-poor treatment (52.1 ± 0.2 µg g−1) compared to N-rich treatment (40.4 ± 1.6 µg g−1). The structure of detrital food webs in the studied treatments changed significantly after mulch addition; the abundance of soil saprophages and mycophages increased up to 50%. Based on the results of mixed-effects modeling, the abundance of herpetobionts and soil mesofauna were positively associated with an increase in Fusarium biomass in grain. The increase in the content of T2-toxin in the grain was associated with an increase in the abundance of earthworms and phytophagous macrofauna in the soil. Results suggest the existence of a previously undescribed mechanism for FHB infection by transfer of pathogenic spores by soil invertebrates, while the content of mycotoxins in grain can be triggered by the grazing activity of soil phytophagous invertebrates