La proposta di Direttiva COM(2020) 314: i nuovi obblighi di comunicazione in capo ai gestori delle piattaforme digitali

Sommario: 1. Introduzione: le questioni fiscali connesse alla digital economy - 2. La cooperazione amministrativa nel settore fiscale: la Direttiva 2011/16/UE - 3. La proposta di Direttiva COM(2020) 314 final della Commissione europea - 4. Conclusioni

I sistemi europei di gestione degli imballaggi: profili organizzativi e concorrenziali di tre modelli a confronto

Starting from the Nineties with the European Directive 94/62/CE, better known as “Packaging Directive”, and on the basis of the principle of “extended producer responsibility”, almost all over Europe it’s possible to see the creation of systems of packaging waste management that have been set up among private companies for managing different tipes of waste and fulfilling the undertaking’s environmental liabilities. This work aims at analyzing European systems of packaging waste management, in particular the Italian, the French and the German ones. This analysis is also accompanied by a legal survey on the nature, private or public, of the main subjects of each system and on the possible relationships between economic activities and environmental protection. In fact, although these systems obtained good managing results, they also created competitive difficulties within many product markets.Starting from the Nineties with the European Directive 94/62/CE, better known as “Packaging Directive”, and on the basis of the principle of “extended producer responsibility”, almost all over Europe it’s possible to see the creation of systems of packaging waste management that have been set up among private companies for managing different tipes of waste and fulfilling the undertaking’s environmental liabilities. This work aims at analyzing European systems of packaging waste management, in particular the Italian, the French and the German ones. This analysis is also accompanied by a legal survey on the nature, private or public, of the main subjects of each system and on the possible relationships between economic activities and environmental protection. In fact, although these systems obtained good managing results, they also created competitive difficulties within many product markets.LUISS PhD Thesi

I sistemi europei di gestione degli imballaggi: profili organizzativi e concorrenziali di tre modelli a confronto

Starting from the Nineties with the European Directive 94/62/CE, better known as \u201cPackaging Directive\u201d, and on the basis of the principle of \u201cextended producer responsibility\u201d, almost all over Europe it\u2019s possible to see the creation of systems of packaging waste management that have been set up among private companies for managing different tipes of waste and fulfilling the undertaking\u2019s environmental liabilities. This work aims at analyzing European systems of packaging waste management, in particular the Italian, the French and the German ones. This analysis is also accompanied by a legal survey on the nature, private or public, of the main subjects of each system and on the possible relationships between economic activities and environmental protection. In fact, although these systems obtained good managing results, they also created competitive difficulties within many product markets

Field tests for the ESPRESSO data analysis software

The data analysis software (DAS) for VLT ESPRESSO is aimed to set a new benchmark in the treatment of spectroscopic data towards the extremely-large-telescope era, providing carefully designed, fully interactive recipes to take care of complex analysis operations (e.g. radial velocity estimation in stellar spectra, interpretation of the absorption features in quasar spectra). A few months away from the instrument's first light, the DAS is now mature for science validation, with most algorithms already implemented and operational. In this paper, I will showcase the DAS features which are currently employed on high-resolution HARPS and UVES spectra to assess the scientific reliability of the recipes and their range of application. I will give a glimpse on the science that will be possible when ESPRESSO data become available, with a particular focus on the novel approach that has been adopted to simultaneously fit the emission continuum and the absorption lines in the Lyman-alpha forest of quasar spectra.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure; proceedings of ADASS XXVI, accepted by ASP Conference Serie

Data Analysis Software for the ESPRESSO Science Machine

ESPRESSO is an extremely stable high-resolution spectrograph which is currently being developed for the ESO VLT. With its groundbreaking characteristics it is aimed to be a "science machine", i.e., a fully-integrated instrument to directly extract science information from the observations. In particular, ESPRESSO will be the first ESO instrument to be equipped with a dedicated tool for the analysis of data, the Data Analysis Software (DAS), consisting in a number of recipes to analyze both stellar and quasar spectra. Through the new ESO Reflex GUI, the DAS (which will implement new algorithms to analyze quasar spectra) is aimed to get over the shortcomings of the existing software providing multiple iteration modes and full interactivity with the data.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures; proceedings of ADASS XXI

E-ELT HIRES the high resolution spectrograph for the E-ELT: integrated data flow system

The current E-ELT instrumentation plan foresees a High Resolution Spectrograph conventionally indicated as HIRES whose Phase A study has started in 2016. An international consortium (stemmed from the existing "HIRES initiative") is conducting a preliminary study of a modular E-ELT instrument able to provide highresolution spectroscopy (R 100; 000) in a wide wavelength range (0.37-2.5 μm). For the aims of data treatment (which encompasses both the reduction and the analysis procedures) an end-to-end approach has been adopted, to directly extract scientific information from the observations with a coherent set of interactive, properly validated software modules. This approach is favoured by the specific science objectives of the instrument, which pose unprecedented requirements in terms of measurement precision and accuracy. In this paper we present the architecture envisioned for the HIRES science software, building on the lessons learned in the development of the data analysis software for the ESPRESSO ultra-stable spectrograph for the VLT

El idioma de los cuerpos

Nos encontramos en un contexto altamente globalizado, en el cual los medios tecnológicos de comunicación tienen una fuerte participación en diferentes aspectos de la vida cotidiana de las personas. Esto se ve reflejado en el arte contemporáneo, el cual cuenta con los medios electrónicos tanto para la producción de las obras, como también para su exposición. El presente trabajo se da sobre la obra El idioma de los cuerpos, de Antonela Di Marcantonio, una obra de Net art, presentada en la plataforma virtual Tumblr (una plataforma de microblogging que permite a sus usuarios publicar textos, imágenes, videos, enlaces, citas y audio a manera de tumblelog). Podemos ver desplegados un gran número de Gifs (Formato de Intercambio de Gráficos, utilizado ampliamente en la World Wide Web, tanto para imágenes como para animaciones), de recortes de diferentes y diversos cuerpos. El arte ha tomado un rol contestatario y denunciante con la creciente globalización, El idioma de los cuerpos, es un ejemplo de esto. A partir de puntuales decisiones formales y la selección de los cuerpos expuestos, busca romper con el canon hegemónico impuesto sobre los cuerpos, excluyendo diferentes diversidades y disidencias.Facultad de Bellas Arte

Data Analysis for Precision Spectroscopy: the ESPRESSO Case

Astronomical Spectroscopy is rapidly evolving into a precision science, with several science cases increasingly relying on long-term instrumental stability and centimeter-per-second accuracy in wavelength calibration. These requirements strongly call for integrated software tools to manage not only the reduction of data, but also the scientific analysis. The ultra-stable, high-resolution echelle spectrograph ESPRESSO, currently under integration for the ESO Very Large Telescope (first light: 2017) is the first instrument of its kind to include a dedicated Data Analysis Software among its deliverables, to process both stellar and quasar spectra. This software will extract physical information from the reduced data on the fly (e.g., stellar radial velocities, or characterisation of the absorption systems along the sightline to quasars) and will allow interaction through a configurable graphical user interface. In this article we present the features of the ESPRESSO Data Analysis Software and its development status at the first complete internal release. A particular attention is devoted to the algorithms developed for quasar spectral analysis (continuum determination and interpretation of the absorption systems)