Headache in pediatric practice: multifactor analysis of clinical and social predictors

The purpose of this work is to define the clinical and social predictors of headaches in children and adolescents. Material and Methods. We performed clinical examination of children and adolescents, which included studying their symptoms, anamnesis, somatic and neurological objective signs, survey using our original questionnaire and survey in the framework of an international project to study headaches «World Children and Adolescent Headache Project». The type of headache was diagnosed using international diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta release). As a result of our study, we obtained the data about the most significant lifestyle factors (among those studied) influencing the number of days with headache per month, calculated linear coefficients and a predicting mathematical model for children. The sensitivity of the model for the prognosis of chronic tension type headache is 63%, specificity — 81 %. Conclusion. In this paper we describe criteria for the prognosis of primary headaches in patients aged from 8 to 18 years old

Analytical research on toxicological stress on main organs

© 2020, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved. Under conditions of combined exposure, the main target organs are experiencing the greatest toxicological stress: the respiratory organs (HI = 3.04-2.36), mortality (HI = 1.12-1.35) blood (HI = 0.84-0, 53), diseases are characteristic of the general development of the body and diseases of the cardiovascular system (HI = 0.63-0.55), central nervous system (HI = 0.29-0.21) HI values for all organs and systems are at an average risk level. It is established that the major contribution to the total hazard index (HI) is made by carbon oxide, formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, suspended particulate matters РМ 2.5 and РМ10 and carbon (soot). The respiratory organs, the risk of mortality, blood, cardiovascular and development are the most at risk of developing adverse effects when exposed to chemicals

Statistical investigation on effect of resource-saving technologies on diabetes mellitus incidence (A case study of the republic of Tatarstan)

© 2020, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved. A retrospective cross-sectional study included data from official sources of the Republic of Tatarstan for 2002-2016. An analysis of the dynamics of trends, multiple correlation-regression and variance analysis was carried out using AtteStat and PSPP software. For 15 years the share of the population with diabetes in the republic has increased from 1.3% to 3.23% with the highest growth rate in the adult population of the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (257.5%), whose share by 2016 has reached 3.8%. Significant dependencies of the treatment area, the consumption of pesticides and herbicides with the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the adult population were absent, whereas with incidence of diabetes mellitus in the second or third year. The degree and significance of the connection between the volume of glyphosates, area of field with the reduced-till and no till technology, and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was more than that of incidence. In conditions of using resource-saving technologies, the model of prevalence of CD2 in the adult population of the republic was determined informative, adequate and stable at the most statistically significant role of glyphosates (R2=0.98, p<0.003) among other pesticide indices. Further expansion of the use of new technologies and glyphosate-containing preparations requires monitoring and analysis not only of agricultural specialists, but also of environmental medicine.10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.01.160

Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Changes in the Gut: Focus on Kazan Patients

Background: Several studies have highlighted the role of host-microbiome interactions in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), resulting in an increasing amount of data mainly focusing on Western patients. Because of the increasing prevalence of IBD in newly industrialized countries such as those in Asia, the Middle East, and South America, there is mounting interest in elucidating the gut microbiota of these populations. We present a comprehensive analysis of several IBD-related biomarkers and gut microbiota profiles and functions of a unique population of patients with IBD and healthy patients from Kazan (Republic of Tatarstan, Russia). Methods: Blood and fecal IBD biomarkers, serum cytokines, and fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content were profiled. Finally, fecal microbiota composition was analyzed by 16S and whole-genome shotgun sequencing. Results: Fecal microbiota whole-genome sequencing confirmed the presence of classic IBD dysbiotic features at the phylum level, with increased abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria and decreased abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Verrucomicrobia. At the genus level, the abundance of both fermentative (SCFA-producing and hydrogen (H2)-releasing) and hydrogenotrophic (H2-consuming) microbes was affected in patients with IBD. This imbalance was confirmed by the decreased abundance of SCFA species in the feces of patients with IBD and the change in anaerobic index, which mirrors the redox status of the intestine. Conclusions: Our analyses highlighted how IBD-related dysbiotic microbiota - which are generally mainly linked to SCFA imbalance - may affect other important metabolic pathways, such as H2 metabolism, that are critical for host physiology and disease development