Aspects of Boundary Conditions for Nonabelian Gauge Theories

The boundary values of the time-component of the gauge potential form externally specifiable data characterizing a gauge theory. We point out some consequences such as reduced symmetries, bulk currents for manifolds with disjoint boundaries and some nuances of how the charge algebra is realized.Comment: 15 page

Relativistic Green functions in a plane wave gravitational background

We consider a massive relativistic particle in the background of a gravitational plane wave. The corresponding Green functions for both spinless and spin 1/2 cases, previously computed by A. Barducci and R. Giachetti \cite{Barducci3}, are reobtained here by alternative methods, as for example, the Fock-Schwinger proper-time method and the algebraic method. In analogy to the electromagnetic case, we show that for a gravitational plane wave background a semiclassical approach is also sufficient to provide the exact result, though the lagrangian involved is far from being a quadratic one.Comment: Last paper by Professor Arvind Narayan Vaidya, 18 pages, no figure

Some experiences in Electro-winning of Aluminium from fused Chloride bath

ALTHOUGH the electro-winning of aluminium from a fused chloride bath dates back to 1854, when Bunsen first isolated the metal, the interest in the process since then has been sporadic. Some of the earlier documenters like Mellor', Richards2, Borches3 and others had taken up the lead, but had been discouraged into branding the approach as impracticable. Patents filed by Aluminium Industrie A.G.4, I.G. Farben Industrie, A.G.5, Henriques and Thomsen6, Brode7, Treadwell8, Daudonnet9 and others during the period 1928 to 1931 indicated a resurgence of the chloride bath, although in the subsequent period the only mentionable patents were by Lovel and Phillips in 194510, Electronic Reduction Corporation in 1951,11 Grothe12 in 1953, and by Slatin13 in 1959 and 1963. Some of these were for the declared purpose of electroplating rather than electro-winning. The published investigations are also equally sporadic, and mention may be made of the work of Fink and Solanki14, Ramachandran15, and Newalkar and Altekar16

Twisted Gauge and Gravity Theories on the Groenewold-Moyal Plane

Recent work [hep-th/0504183,hep-th/0508002] indicates an approach to the formulation of diffeomorphism invariant quantum field theories (qft's) on the Groenewold-Moyal (GM) plane. In this approach to the qft's, statistics gets twisted and the S-matrix in the non-gauge qft's becomes independent of the noncommutativity parameter theta^{\mu\nu}. Here we show that the noncommutative algebra has a commutative spacetime algebra as a substructure: the Poincare, diffeomorphism and gauge groups are based on this algebra in the twisted approach as is known already from the earlier work of [hep-th/0510059]. It is natural to base covariant derivatives for gauge and gravity fields as well on this algebra. Such an approach will in particular introduce no additional gauge fields as compared to the commutative case and also enable us to treat any gauge group (and not just U(N)). Then classical gravity and gauge sectors are the same as those for \theta^{\mu \nu}=0, but their interactions with matter fields are sensitive to theta^{\mu \nu}. We construct quantum noncommutative gauge theories (for arbitrary gauge groups) by requiring consistency of twisted statistics and gauge invariance. In a subsequent paper (whose results are summarized here), the locality and Lorentz invariance properties of the S-matrices of these theories will be analyzed, and new non-trivial effects coming from noncommutativity will be elaborated. This paper contains further developments of [hep-th/0608138] and a new formulation based on its approach.Comment: 17 pages, LaTeX, 1 figur

Detection of minor flavonoids from Tragia plukenetii A. R. Smith

The minor flavonoids from Tragia plukenetii A. R. Smith were extracted by using different solvent and they were identified and detected by Paper Chromatography (PC) and spectroscopic method. The minor flavonoids classes like chalcones, aurones and flavanones were detected from T. plukenetii A. R. Smith

Current Oscillations, Interacting Hall Discs and Boundary CFTs

In this paper, we discuss the behavior of conformal field theories interacting at a single point. The edge states of the quantum Hall effect (QHE) system give rise to a particular representation of a chiral Kac-Moody current algebra. We show that in the case of QHE systems interacting at one point we obtain a ``twisted'' representation of the current algebra. The condition for stationarity of currents is the same as the classical Kirchoff's law applied to the currents at the interaction point. We find that in the case of two discs touching at one point, since the currents are chiral, they are not stationary and one obtains current oscillations between the two discs. We determine the frequency of these oscillations in terms of an effective parameter characterizing the interaction. The chiral conformal field theories can be represented in terms of bosonic Lagrangians with a boundary interaction. We discuss how these one point interactions can be represented as boundary conditions on fields, and how the requirement of chirality leads to restrictions on the interactions described by these Lagrangians. By gauging these models we find that the theory is naturally coupled to a Chern-Simons gauge theory in 2+1 dimensions, and this coupling is completely determined by the requirement of anomaly cancellation.Comment: 32 pages, LateX. Uses amstex, amssymb. Typos corrected. To appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys.

Black Holes in Non-flat Backgrounds: the Schwarzschild Black Hole in the Einstein Universe

As an example of a black hole in a non-flat background a composite static spacetime is constructed. It comprises a vacuum Schwarzschild spacetime for the interior of the black hole across whose horizon it is matched on to the spacetime of Vaidya representing a black hole in the background of the Einstein universe. The scale length of the exterior sets a maximum to the black hole mass. To obtain a non-singular exterior, the Vaidya metric is matched to an Einstein universe. The behaviour of scalar waves is studied in this composite model.Comment: 8 pages, 3 postscript figures, minor corrections Journal Ref: accepted for Physical Review

Imaging diagnosis of primary pelvic hydatid: a rare case report

Hydatid disease is caused by Echinococcus granulosus a commonly encountered parasitic infection to humans in tropical countries. Humans are accidental intermediate hosts of Echinococcus. Liver is the most commonly infected organ. Any organ of the body can be affected but primary pelvic hydatid disease is rarely reported. Preoperative diagnosis can be established by imaging studies such as ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Here, a case is reported of pelvic hydatid in a young female who presented with recurrent episodes of abdominal pain along with an abdominal mass. General physical examination and radiological evaluation confirmed a multiloculated cystic lesion in pelvic. Patient was subjected to laparotomy which confirmed the diagnosis of a primary pelvic hydatid disease